More and more myopia are appearing around us. Our country has become the hardest hit area for myopia, and it is trending at a younger age, which deserves the common attention of the whole society. Myopia is caused by factors such as genetics and excessive use of eyes at close range. What exactly is myopia? How to prevent and control it? Under the guidance of the Department of Physical Health and Art Education of the Ministry of Education, and jointly produced by Hunan Satellite TV, Mango TV, and People's Daily Video Client Vision, the first eye health science documentary "The Story of the Eye" produced by Mango Bojing will be released today (August 31) 19: 30 finale, Hunan Satellite TV and Mango TV broadcast simultaneously, allowing us to get to know the familiar and unfamiliar myopia together.
"The Story of the Eye" reveals the dangers of myopia: Will high myopia cause blindness?
Farsightedness, myopia and astigmatism are all common types of refractive errors. After light enters the eye, it is refracted in a series of transparent media in the eye. This process is called refraction. After refraction, the light is focused on the retina to form an image. In order to observe the refractive path more intuitively, people draw an imaginary line from the center of the front surface of the cornea to the fovea of ​​the retina, called the eye axis. In infancy, the axial length of the eye is much shorter than that of adults, so the image falls behind the retina. Medically, this is called "hyperopia reserve". Hyperopia is the natural setting of the human eye.
As age increases, the axial length of the eye gradually becomes longer. Under normal circumstances, at the age of 12-15, the axial length of the eye basically reaches a stable level of about 24 mm. This length is just enough to allow light to focus on the fovea of ​​the retinal macula. The human eye Enter the normal vision stage. However, before the eyes of many children and adolescents mature, due to excessive use of eyes at close range and other reasons, the axial length of the eye has exceeded the normal range, causing light to focus in front of the retina, forming myopia, which continues to grow unknowingly. It's getting more serious.
The most obvious symptom of myopia is blurry vision in the distance and clear vision in the near distance. The associated reaction is easy eye fatigue and lack of concentration, which seriously affects our lives. The harm of myopia goes far beyond the inability to see objects clearly. If the degree of myopia exceeds 600 degrees, it is considered high myopia. The risk of blindness such as retinal hemorrhage, holes, or even retinal detachment is significantly increased. For children and adolescents, it is very important to develop good eye habits to prevent myopia, and for those who are already myopic, use active intervention methods to control the increase in myopia and avoid developing high myopia.
Astigmatism is caused by the inconsistent curvature of the refractive body surface of the eye. The light passing through the refractive system of the eye cannot be focused into a single point. Mild astigmatism is mostly congenital, while high levels of astigmatism are mostly caused by eye diseases, which lead to reduced vision, inability to see far or near clearly, and objects with double images. There is another common blurred vision in daily life. It is not a refractive error, but it is also caused by changes in the lens, which is presbyopia. Many people think that people with myopia will not suffer from presbyopia, but in fact, presbyopia is a normal human physiological phenomenon. Basically everyone will have presbyopia after the age of 40.
The myopia rate among Chinese children and adolescents is high at younger ages. Outdoor exercise and more sun exposure can prevent myopia
There are approximately 1.4 billion people in the world suffering from myopia. Data shows that the overall myopia rate among Chinese children and adolescents is 53.6%, and the incidence is higher at younger ages. In 1963, a kind of health exercises specifically for the eyes appeared in primary and secondary schools in Beijing, and then quickly spread throughout China. This set of health exercises, the only ones in the world, has become the collective memory of several generations of Chinese people. Sixty years have passed, and eye exercises are still a must-do for primary and secondary school students today. However, the world has changed far beyond what was imagined back then, and the problem of myopia among children and adolescents has become more serious.
We all think that electronic products are the cause of myopia in children and adolescents. The real reason behind this is not the electronic products themselves, but that this carrier makes it easier for children and adolescents to become addicted. If they accidentally use their eyes at close range for a long time, their eyes will be damaged. Increased load further leads to the occurrence of myopia. It is important to note that some of the myopia in children and adolescents may be pseudomyopia. If detected early and treated with appropriate adjustments, it is possible to restore normal vision.
In addition to paying attention to your eye habits, scientific research shows that sunlight will promote the release of a neurotransmitter called dopamine in the eyeballs. Dopamine has the effect of preventing or controlling myopia. Experts advocate "one increase and one decrease" to prevent and control myopia. The "one increase" refers to increasing the effective outdoor exposure time and ensuring more than two hours of outdoor activity time every day. The "one decrease" refers to reducing the use of eyes at close range. burden. Although these methods may conflict with current lifestyles, methods that can help children prevent and control myopia are worth persisting with.
Adult myopia, besides wearing glasses, what other methods can be used to correct it? "The Story of the Eye" shows us the scene of refractive surgery. This surgery uses laser to change the shape of the cornea in a few femtoseconds, accurately turning the outer layer of the cornea into a concave lens. The popular explanation is The patient's cornea is made into a pair of myopia glasses to correct vision. If the patient is not suitable for corneal refractive surgery, another option is to put an intraocular lens between the iris and the lens, which is equivalent to implanting a contact lens into the human eye, and can also achieve the effect of correcting myopia.
Although the technology for myopia correction is very mature, so far myopia can only be corrected but not cured. For children and adolescents, the prevention and control of myopia is of great significance.
Science has always been our power to reshape ourselves. This power supports mankind in facing an unpredictable future. In this era of electronic screens, humans should pay more attention to eye health than ever before. Today at 19:30 Hunan Satellite TV and Mango TV's "Eye Story" ends. Let's get into science and pay attention to eye health.
