Interviewed experts: Liu Yunduo, Chief Physician of Gynecology, Tsinghua University First Affiliated Hospital Global Times Health Client Reporter Wang Bingjie Recently, Taiwanese actor Ouyang Nini disclosed the news of her pregnancy and admitted that she was diagnosed with "polyc

Experts interviewed: Liu Yunduo, chief physician of the Department of Gynecology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University

Global Times Health Client Reporter Wang Bingjie

Recently, Taiwanese actress Ouyang Nini disclosed the news of her pregnancy and admitted that she was diagnosed with "polycystic cystic cysts" a few years ago Sexual ovaries” and almost gave up on getting pregnant. This news immediately became a hot search topic. Some netizens said that they had also been diagnosed with polycystic ovaries, but the name was "polycystic ovary changes". Some netizens said that they were suffering from "polycystic ovary syndrome". These are all Is it the same thing?

Liu Yunduo, chief physician of the Department of Gynecology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, told the "Global Times Health Client" reporter that what people call "polycystic ovaries" usually refers to two conditions, one is polycystic changes in the ovaries, and the other is polycystic ovary syndrome. Symptoms, the two are different concepts.

"Polycystic ovarian changes" is a description of the state of the ovaries, not a disease. It refers to the discovery under ultrasound that there are 12 or more follicles with a diameter of 2 to 9 mm in one or both sides of the ovary. , women who have used sex hormone drugs such as ovulation induction may appear. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome may also have polycystic ovarian changes on ultrasound. However, "polycystic ovary syndrome" is an endocrine and metabolic disease that can involve multiple systems and organs. Patients often have abnormal menstruation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian changes. They need timely drug treatment and lifestyle adjustments. Methods of treatment. It can be seen that many women only know the name of polycystic ovary syndrome and do not have an in-depth understanding of it. There are also many misunderstandings circulating on the Internet.

Myth 1: Fat people will suffer from polycystic cysts. Dr. Liu Yunduo emphasized that the clinical diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome requires three points: 1. Polycystic changes in the ovaries under ultrasound; 2. The presence of menstrual abnormalities such as oligomenorrhea or anovulation; 3. The presence of hyperandrogen symptoms (acne, Hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, seborrheic dermatitis or alopecia, blood test showing elevated testosterone), adult women can be diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome if two of them are met. It can be seen that fatness or thinness is not the decisive factor. Women of normal weight or even thinness are also at risk of the disease.

Myth 2: You can’t get pregnant if you have polycystic cysts. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome often experience oligomenorrhea, no ovulation or difficulty in follicular development, and the ovulation period becomes uncertain, which makes it difficult for some patients to conceive. However, pregnancy is no longer a clinical problem for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. After adjusting the patient's menstrual cycle to normal through sex hormone drug treatment, doctors will guide the patient to have sex during the ovulation period or to perform ovulation induction to increase the possibility of pregnancy. If a patient is unable to conceive naturally, assisted reproductive technology is also an option.

Myth 3: Polycystic disease cannot be cured. In the impression of many people, polycystic ovary syndrome is not fatal, but it cannot be cured. In fact, it can be cured and does not necessarily last a lifetime. However, it is not as immediate as treating inflammation. It requires patients to take medication and adjust their lifestyle for a long time, which takes a long time. In a small number of patients, polycystic ovary syndrome disappears on its own as age increases and ovarian function decreases.

Misunderstanding 4: Polycystic syndrome “will be cured after giving birth”. Many patients regard successful pregnancy as the method or ultimate goal of polycystic ovary syndrome treatment. In the treatment of ovarian chocolate cysts and endometriosis, pregnancy is indeed one of the effective treatments. At present, it is generally believed in clinical practice that the cure of polycystic ovary syndrome is not directly related to pregnancy. It is difficult for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome to conceive. The prerequisite for pregnancy is to receive standardized treatment instead of ignoring it and waiting for natural pregnancy. Even after a successful delivery, patients still need to manage and monitor the disease, pay attention to endocrine indicators and menstrual status, and prevent long-term complications.

Misunderstanding 5: There is no need to treat if you don’t have children. The treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome is not based on "reproductive needs". This disease is a metabolic disease that affects women far beyond the reproductive system and may also be accompanied by abnormalities in blood lipids and blood sugar. If left unchecked for a long time, excessive thickening of the endometrium may occur, increasing the risk of endometrial cancer, and increasing the risk of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and even cardiovascular disease.Therefore, regardless of whether there are future fertility plans, polycystic ovary syndrome must be diagnosed and treated in a standardized manner.

The most important thing in clinical treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome is long-term management, which requires adjustment of lifestyle, including exercise, diet control, weight loss and other diversified strategies. If the patient has fertility requirements, he or she can adjust the menstrual cycle and induce ovulation to achieve pregnancy; if there is no fertility requirement, the patient can periodically take compound short-acting contraceptive pills, or use progesterone, estrogen and progesterone sequential treatment to reduce androgens. To maintain menstruation, blood sugar, blood lipids and other indicators must be regularly tested to reduce the risk of long-term complications.

Dr. Liu Yunduo emphasized that women, especially women of childbearing age, once they notice changes in their menstruation (oligomenorrhoea or irregular cycles, irregular bleeding, scant menstrual flow, etc.) accompanied by hair loss, hirsutism, seborrheic dermatitis (acne) or neck If there is pigmentation under the armpits, it is recommended to seek medical treatment promptly to check for polycystic ovary syndrome.▲

editor-in-chief: Wang Xiaoqing

editor-in-chief: Xu Wenting