When many patients are diagnosed with COPD, it is time to be more serious. Because COPD is a long-term accumulated disease, it is divided into four periods. Each period has different manifestations, and the pre-symptoms are not obvious. Next, let the experts from Jinan Asthma Hospital and introduce to us the specific clinical manifestations of COPD and the symptoms and treatment principles of the four periods.
Clinical manifestations of COPD
(1) Chronic cough: usually the first symptom. The cough was intermittent at first, and heavier in the morning, and later in the morning and evening or throughout the day, but the cough at night was not significant. In a few cases, cough is not accompanied by sputum. There are also some cases with obvious airflow limitation but no cough symptoms.
(2) Sputum expectoration: After coughing, a small amount of mucus sputum is usually coughed up, and some patients have more sputum in the early morning; when co-infection, the amount of sputum increases, and purulent sputum is often present.
(3) Shortness of breath or dyspnea: This is a hallmark symptom of COPD and the main cause of anxiety in patients. It appears only during exertion in the early stage, and then gradually aggravates it, resulting in shortness of breath during daily activities and even during rest.
(4) Wheezing and chest tightness: not specific symptoms of COPD. Some patients, especially severe patients, have wheezing; chest tightness usually occurs after exertion, and is related to breathing effort and intercostal muscle isometric contraction.
(5) Systemic symptoms: In the clinical course of the disease, especially in heavier patients, systemic symptoms may occur, such as weight loss, loss of appetite, peripheral muscle atrophy and dysfunction, depression and (or) anxiety, etc. . Co-infection can hemoptysis or hemoptysis.
Stage features of COPD
Grade I: Mild COPD: It is characterized by mild airflow limitation (FEV1/FVC<70%,>
Grade II: Moderate COPD: It is characterized by worsening of airflow limitation (50% ≤FEV1<80%>
Grade III: Severe COPD: It is characterized by further worsening of airflow limitation (30%≤FEV1<50%>
Grade IV: Extremely severe COPD: severe airflow limitation (FEV1<30%>
The treatment principle of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
1. Follow the doctor's advice and insist on using Xun regularly and for a long time. Some drugs, especially inhaled sex hormones and bronchodilators, are long-acting or slow-acting drugs. In the initial administration, patients often do not feel the relief of symptoms and easily lose confidence in treatment. At this time, they must insist on treatment. , Must be prepared for a protracted battle.
2. Don't stop the medication due to fear of adverse drug reactions during treatment. As long as the medication is regulated according to the doctor's advice, adverse reactions can be controlled to a low level.
3. Smoking is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is necessary to quit in time and maintain good living habits.
Warm reminder: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a chronic disease that has accumulated over a long period of time. The initial symptoms are not very obvious, causing everyone to ignore that their lungs are already experiencing problems. Therefore, the experts at Jinan Asthma Hospital here remind you that once you feel uncomfortable, you should go to a regular hospital for diagnosis and treatment.
