Two 26-story high-rise pig farms in Bishidu Town, Ezhou City are very conspicuous. The related facilities in the
high-rise building have been installed.
Text/Photo Hubei Daily All-Media Reporter Zhu Hua Liu Shusen Correspondent Liu Liangli Xie Xie
On August 20, the reporter walked into Bishidu Town, Ezhou. Under the blue sky and white clouds, two 26-storey high-rise buildings were very conspicuous. What is unexpected about
is that there are a group of live pigs living in the two buildings. In the near future, hundreds of thousands of sows and piglets will officially "occupy". This is also the largest single-scale high-rise pig farm in the country. Why did
build a 26-storey pig farm? What problems should be solved in raising pigs in high-rise buildings? Will there be "raised cattle in high-rise buildings" and "raised sheep in high-rise buildings" in the future? The reporter interviewed industry experts in this regard.
1.2 million live pigs live in a 26-story high-rise building
26-story "pig building" built by Hubei Zhongxin Kaiwei Modern Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd. The company's largest shareholder is a local cement company. The "Pig Raising Building" started construction in August 2020 with a total investment of 4 billion yuan. Each building is 200 meters long, 70 meters wide, and has a construction area of 400,000 cubic meters. According to the design, the 3rd to 26th floors are used for raising pigs, and each floor will produce more than 23,000 live pigs annually. Each building will produce nearly 600,000 pigs annually, and the two buildings will produce a total of 1.2 million pigs annually.
At present, one of the buildings has been completed, and the breeding equipment in the room has been installed and debugged, and it is being closed for sterilization. The first sows and piglets will officially move in at the end of the month. Another building is expected to top out at the end of September.
" Pig Raising Building" will also support the construction of Zhongxin Kaiwei Green Food Industrial Park. In addition to feed production, pig breeding, pig breeding, slaughtering and processing (prefabricated vegetables) and other supporting facilities, it also includes an intelligent manufacturing center, Catering Cultural Experience Center, etc. Jin Lin, head of
, said proudly that the highest "pig raising building" in China used to have 17 floors, and the highest in the province was built by Xiangda Group, with a total of 15 floors. The 26-story "pig building" is currently the highest floor and the largest single-unit scale in China.
According to reports, the high-rise pig farm is basically semi-automated. The first floor of the building is a central control system, which uniformly controls the feed and drinking water feeding of each floor and each breeding point. The 3rd to 26th floors are breeding floors. Sow breeding areas, farrowing rooms, nursery and fattening areas are planned adjacent to each floor. Intelligent environmental control and ventilation systems are used for real-time monitoring to control ambient temperature, humidity and harmful gas concentrations. The tap water pool and middle water pool on the basement floor are used to realize the supply of drinking water for live pigs, sewage recycling treatment, spraying and spray cooling of the whole building.
Significantly saves land and reduces corporate costs
Why do high-rise pig farms?
Difficulty getting land is the primary factor. In recent years, under the strict protection and supervision of cultivated land, land resources have become more and more precious and scarce. Traditional flat-floor pig farms occupy a large area, and there are many complaints and high-rise pig farms that occupy less land for pigs.
Take Sino-Singapore Kaiwei as an example. Two 26-storey pig raising buildings each occupy an area of 21.5 mu, and the two buildings occupy a total area of 43 mu. Together with the supporting construction, the total area is 300 mu. Jin Lin said that if pigs are raised on a traditional flat floor, at least 7,000 acres of land are needed to achieve an annual output of 1.2 million pigs. However, the land resources are scarce, the industry is developed, and the land use indicators are insufficient, so it is difficult to allocate so much land for pig raising.
"It's almost impossible to find a whole 7,000 mu of land available for development." Xie Zuoping, chief of the Land Utilization Section of Ezhou Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, said that after years of development, there is less and less land available for development in Ezhou. , it is not easy to find a single 200-mu developable plot. If the land is divided into many blocks, the factories need to be scattered, which is inconvenient for enterprise management. Another important reason for
for enterprises is to reduce land costs. At present, the cost of acquiring land for each mu of construction land in Ezhou is 300,000 to 600,000 yuan, saving at least several hundred million yuan in land costs. "With the money saved, you can build a multi-story building," Jin Lin said. In addition, it also effectively reduces the cost of enterprise operation and management. Under the same scale, building multiple factories requires more managers and management teams, which is not conducive to unified management.
And, after the Ezhou Airport is put into use, the transportation advantages are more obvious, which is conducive to the logistics and transportation of the local food industry.
Everything is easy, and eating is the biggest thing. In December 2019, the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs jointly issued the "Notice on Issues Concerning the Management of Facility Agricultural Land", clarifying that "aquaculture facilities are allowed to build multi-storey buildings.The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Department of Natural Resources welcomed pig raising in high-rise buildings, saying that raising pigs upstairs can save a lot of land and reduce land occupation. Meaning.
It is understood that building pig farms can save 80% of the land compared to flat-raising pig farms with the same inventory, New Hope all use building pig farms in Zhejiang, where land costs are high.
"High-rise pig raising" has become a trend ?
High-rise pig raising first started in Guangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang and other places, and it has gradually increased in recent years. Will high-rise pig raising become a trend in the future?
Professor Lei Minggang of Huazhong Agricultural University said that high-rise pig raising is not a new thing. In 2010, due to the shortage of pig breeding land, many building breeding projects were accelerated. At present, most of the domestic buildings for pig breeding are within 10 floors, and there are very few above 20 floors. Some of them operate well and have good breeding benefits; The main reason is that in terms of epidemic prevention and control, indoor environment control, odor treatment, etc., the design layout is not reasonable enough, or the later management and operation cannot keep up.
Lei Minggang said that it seems simple to go from a flat to a high-rise, but it is not. In the event of power outages, fires and other emergencies, can we handle it well in terms of safety? How many floors are the best? How to control costs? Pigs are raised peacefully, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is not possible to develop buildings to raise pigs in a swarm. It is recommended to raise pigs in places where land resources are not tight.
Pan Xiangyang, president of the Hubei Pig Industry Association, said that high-rise pig raising in Hubei is not feasible. There are many successful examples inside and outside the province. Regardless of the factor of land acquisition, the construction cost of high-rise pig raising is high and the overall operating cost is low, but the management is difficult. The heat is mainly driven by capital. Under the last round of pig upswing, companies made a lot of money. The richest people in Sichuan, Henan, Jiangxi and other places are all pig breeding companies, forming a capital depression effect. , Wen's and other leading pig enterprises have already deployed buildings to raise pigs, and even many real estate enterprises and Internet companies have entered the pig breeding enterprises.
New technology helps environmental protection and epidemic prevention
"High-rise pig raising" environmental protection and epidemic prevention and control have passed the pass ?
In this regard, an industry insider said that a high-rise building with more than 20 floors raises pigs on a large scale, and produces tens of thousands of tons of manure a day. The environmental protection treatment pressure in the later stage is very high, and the treatment effect needs to be tested. Jingmen A person in charge of a farm said that from the perspective of biosafety, raising pigs in high-rise buildings also has advantages and disadvantages. Although raising pigs in high-rise buildings is easier to do with external biosafety than flat floors, once a disease enters the building, it is easy to cross-infection, which is very difficult to achieve. It may cause immeasurable losses. When the situation of African swine fever prevention and control is severe, large-scale farms with high level of hardware facilities and strong technical force form relatively independent units in the farms, and grid management , the best response.
However, the person in charge of Hubei Jinlin Original Breed Animal Husbandry Company in Hubei Province is full of confidence. He said that the company uses new technologies and new means to achieve the goals of no solid waste, zero discharge of sewage, ultra-low discharge of waste gas, and energy-based waste. The pig manure biogas residue is directly converted into biogas , which is used for power generation and heating. After the biogas slurry is treated, ecological recycling is realized. Previously, in a 15-story pig farm in the province, the exhaust gas from the pig house was technically treated, and there was no peculiar smell around it. This may provide experience for the manure treatment of pigs on higher floors. At present, my country has entered the downward stage of the " pig cycle ", and the production capacity of live pigs has basically recovered. What is the prospect of high-rise pig farms at this time?
Jin Lin told reporters that due to the slump in the original cement and building materials business, the company has been considering transformation. I am using industrialized thinking to modernize agriculture, and I believe that I will be able to find a way out.
Lei Minggang said that in terms of pork quality, there is no change in the quality and taste of pork in high-rise pigs and flat pigs. Vigorously developing large-scale pig farming will greatly promote the stability of market supply. If there are no extremely special factors, high-rise pig farms will enter a stable market in the next few years.
Pan Xiangyang said that the initial construction cost of the high-rise large-scale pig farm is large, and it is necessary to effectively deal with the pig cycle and plan ahead, otherwise the loss will be even greater.
Pig went upstairs,Will cattle and sheep also go upstairs in the future? Liu Bing, president of the Hubei Cattle Breeding Association, said that raising cattle and sheep in buildings is theoretically feasible. In other provinces, there are also abandoned schools that have been converted to raise cattle, but unlike pig raising, cattle and sheep are mainly eaten for food. Grass, and mostly cultivated in the mountains or grasslands, the land is not so tight, there is no need to go upstairs.
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