quadrivalent cervical cancer vaccine is out of stock on a large scale, and the nine-valent cervical cancer vaccine ushered in the "coming soon" news. Recently, an article stated that Merck’s two nine-valent cervical cancer vaccines have been accepted by the State Food and Drug Administration, and have "completed the technical review within two days" and are expected to be launched soon. However, industry experts have dispelled the rumors and pointed out that the news is untrue. Even if the nine-valent cervical cancer vaccine as a new drug enters the national priority review channel, there is still a long way to go. A reporter from Nanfang Daily found that although it has been more than a year since the first cervical cancer vaccine was approved to enter the mainland market, the public still has many misunderstandings about cervical cancer vaccination.
The incidence of cervical cancer is younger
Statistics show that there are 530,000 women suffering from cervical cancer each year in the world, and 270,000 people die from this disease. China currently has 100,000 cervical cancer patients, accounting for one-fifth of the world. "The incidence of cervical cancer in European and American countries is decreasing year by year, but in China, the incidence of cervical cancer is still rising." said Xiao Qing, chief physician of the Department of Gynecology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Studies have shown that in the past 30 years, the proportion of cervical cancer patients under the age of 35 has gradually increased, reaching 15.7% between 2005 and 2009. The official name of
cervical cancer vaccine should be "Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine". A large number of studies have shown that persistent high-risk HPV infection is the "culprit" of cervical cancer. In 2006, the US FDA approved the first vaccine to prevent HPV infection. On July 18, 2016, GlaxoSmithKline’s bivalent vaccine Cerex received CFDA marketing approval and became the first vaccine to prevent HPV infection in the Mainland. On May 18, 2017, Merck’s quadrivalent HPV vaccine Jiadaxiu was approved for listing in the Mainland. The
bivalent HPV vaccine targets HPV types 16 and 18, which are the most dangerous viruses that cause cervical cancer. 70-80% of cervical cancers are induced by these two subtypes, and it is applicable to women aged 9-25. The quadrivalent vaccine targets HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18, and has a wider coverage, suitable for women aged 20-45.
Recently, two 9-valent HPV vaccines from Merck have entered the public list of varieties to be prioritized for review. In addition, a fourteen-valent HPV vaccine is already under development. According to the database of the National Center for Drug Evaluation, the recombinant 14-valent HPV vaccine of Shenzhou Cell Engineering Co., Ltd. has been included in the priority review process.
vaccination population is too old
According to the information collected by the Information Department of Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, currently in the cervical cancer vaccine inventory of major vaccination sites in Guangzhou, the quadrivalent vaccine is out of stock, but the bivalent vaccine is in sufficient supply. "Outpatient doctors report that the proportion of women under the age of 20 who come to receive cervical cancer vaccines is not more than 20%, and some outpatient clinics are even less. Basically, most of the women who come for the vaccine are older women, married and married. Education is not in the minority.” Huang Guihua, director of the Information Department of Guangzhou Center for Disease Control, told reporters that calculated based on the 9-25 year-old population in Guangzhou, the proportion of people who have been vaccinated for bivalent cervical cancer is far less than 1%.
The Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a small-scale questionnaire survey in 3 middle schools in the city in April this year. Among the 460 valid questionnaires, more than six adults did not know the optimal age for cervical cancer vaccination, and more than half of the middle school students recognized cervical cancer. Lack of knowledge. Although more than 70% of parents are willing to take their daughters to receive the cervical cancer vaccine, many parents still have many concerns, such as worrying about the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine, and thinking that their daughters are still young. "Many parents of are more willing to believe that their children will not have sex at this early age, but statistics from the National Health and Family Planning Commission show that the average age at which adolescents have sex for the first time is 15.9 years old." Director Huang Guihua of
said. The main target age group recommended by the Health Organization for HPV vaccination is girls 9-14 years old, that is, before entering the sexually active period. This is because the HPV vaccine is most effective for people without a history of HPV exposure, and sex is the most important factor in promoting HPV infection and cervical cancer. "Research data shows that 9-14 year old women have more than twice the antibody level after vaccination compared to 15-25 year old women. Therefore, the earlier the vaccination, the better the protection effect."
cervical cancer vaccine ten questions
1, cervical cancer vaccine Can one fight for life? Do I need to replant?
A: The two vaccine has been on the market for ten years in the United States. Observational data shows that the antibody level of the vaccinated population still maintains a high level, which means that the vaccine has been effective. According to the data model, the antibody titer of the vaccine can maintain lifelong immunity, but it takes time to observe how effective it is in the future.
2, married and child-bearing women, or have a history of HPV infection, can they still be vaccinated?
A: vaccination for cervical cancer does not need to be screened in advance. Married and childbearing women may have been infected with HPV, but the antibody titer induced by this infection is relatively low, not enough to protect against re-infection, so it is still necessary Vaccination. What should I do if
3 and are infected with HPV virus? Do I need to be treated to get the vaccine?
A: There are more than 200 types of HPV viruses, and 70% of cervical cancers in international data are type 16 and type 18 viruses. HPV virus infection is similar to catching a cold in the cervix. The general infection period is about one year. 70% of patients do not need treatment, medication or vaginal douches, and only need to strengthen immunity to heal themselves. Vaccination can also be done during infection.
4, What age is better for cervical cancer vaccination? Wouldn't it be better to wait until adulthood to receive high-priced vaccines?
A: The main target age group recommended by the World Health Organization for HPV vaccination is 9-14 year old girls. Are there any side effects of
5 and vaccines? Will there be adverse reactions?
A: According to reports, the side effects caused by the cervical cancer vaccine are mainly local redness, swelling, pain, fever, etc., which are related to the adjuvant of immune preparations, and there will be no major adverse reactions.
6, Are cervical cancer vaccines out of stock?
A: The quadrivalent vaccine is currently out of stock, and the bivalent vaccine is in sufficient supply.
7. Is the higher the valence the better the vaccine?
A: Chinese women’s cervical cancer is mainly caused by HPV virus type 16 and 18 infection, accounting for 84.5%, which is even higher than the level of foreign reports. From the perspective of health economics, the bivalent vaccine is sufficient, of course the local tyrants are free. What should I do if I find that I am pregnant after
8 and vaccination?
A: Although vaccination is not recommended for pregnant women, the fetus can still be preserved if pregnancy is found after vaccination. In addition, the vaccine can be vaccinated during lactation and menstruation.
9. Japan stopped vaccinating cervical cancer. Why are we still promoting it?
A: The Japanese vaccine incident finally confirmed that the death has nothing to do with the vaccine, but other diseases. After the controversy, Japan removed the cervical cancer vaccine from the national immunization program. It was not that was not vaccinated, but it was not free.
10, after the vaccine, is it possible to avoid cancer once and for all?
A: Cervical cancer vaccine cannot reduce the incidence of cervical cancer to zero. Therefore, regular cervical cancer screening is still needed. The combination of the two is the best partner.
(Expert source: Xiao Qing, chief physician of the Department of Gynecology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Huang Guihua, director of the Information Department of Guangzhou Center for Disease Control)
[Reporter] Yan Huifang
