Zheng Banqiao was a well-known calligrapher and painter in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, and he was also quite accomplished in poetry. For the research of Banqiao Ci, Mr. Yan Dichang was the most in-depth study. He gave Zheng Banqiao a separate section in the "History of Qing Ci", and at the same time One section is placed in the second chapter of the second chapter of the monograph "The Outbreak of Yangxian Ci School and the New Changes in the World". In this chapter, Yan Dichang first described the decline of the Yangxian School, and then said: "So far, the generation of heroes advocated by Chen Jialing, Shi Weiyuan, Ren Shengkui, Xu Xiefeng, etc., has painted water in Tongfeng. There is no one to succeed. Outside of Yangxian Town, the lingering lingering sounds are still rising from time to time. For example, Zheng Xie of Xinghua, Jiang Shiquan of Qianshan in Jiangxi, Huang Jingren of Wujin, Yao Chun of Louxian, etc. are all Jialing poetry styles. "Pai Wai Liu Xiang" is called “Pai Wai Liu Xiang.”
In this way, Zheng Banqiao does not belong to the Yangxian school poet. Mr. Yan only calls him “Pai Wai Liu Xiang.” Although Zheng Banqiao has written words, he cannot return. Into a certain word school. However, this does not mean that Banqiao’s Ci is not ingenious. Mr. Yan said in the monograph: “Zheng Xie in the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou" is famous for his paintings and calligraphy. In fact, his poetry and verse are also brilliant; "Winning', I think it's better than poetry." Zheng Banqiao's writing behavior was not a whim. He said in "The Preface to Ci Chao Zi": "Xie wrote the lyrics for 40 years. Many of the engraved editions are still old, and the ups and downs are good and there are many who have won them." His writing history is as long as forty years. Although the process is intermittent, it has such a long history. It can be said that Zheng Banqiao really likes writing words. So, which big poet does his style of poetry favor? Zheng Banqiao had such a self-evaluation in "The Preface of Ci Chao Zi": "You Ye in the young learn from Qin Liu, the middle-aged learns from Su Xin, and the old forgets to learn from Liu Jiang. They all go with the time without knowing it. Also!"
seems that his forty-year history of writing poetry can be roughly divided into three stages: when he was young, he liked to imitate the style of Qin Guan and Liu Yong; in middle age, he switched to learning because of the unevenness in his heart. Dongpo and Jiaxuan; in his later years, life in the world has been exhausted and his mentality has changed to peace. Therefore, in Song poetry, Zheng Banqiao began to prefer Liu and Jiang. Regarding who Liu and Jiang are, the relevant comments have different opinions. Jiang is Jiang Jie. This point has no objection. For Liu, there are different opinions of Liu Chenweng, Liu Guo, and Liu Kezhuang, and who Zheng Banqiao refers to can only be Let posterity guess. But Zheng feels that with the increase of experience in a person's life, his appreciation and taste will also change accordingly. He believes that this is like a person's luck and cannot be avoided.
Zheng Banqiao "Four Books and Sentences Reading" in the Republic of China Four Years Stone Printed Edition, one
Zheng Banqiao "Four Books and Sentences Reading" in the Republic of China Four Years Stone Printed Edition, two
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heng 15zz2 It also has the influence of others. Yan Dichang believes that Banqiao’s enlightenment in writing lyrics is Lu Zhen. This Lu Zhen was originally a rural school, but his personality has a maverick side. Wu Hongmo said in "Mr. Lu Zhongyuan's Preface to the Manuscripts": "You can't take it for granted if you are incapable of talent. The arrogant arrogant, a little harsh. Festival, speak without concealing emotions." Most of the talented but not well-known people have injustice in their hearts, and the same is true for Lu Zhen, because the people he knows and knows are hard to see, and this person speaks straightforwardly. , Never afraid to offend others. When he was young, he used to make up a doctoral student, but later because he hated the imperial examination, he was desperate for official career. Despite this, his reputation was highly respected by local officials. When Song Nao was governor of Jiangnan, he valued Lu Zhen. Of course, a character like
will have a hard life. Lu Zhen indeed died of poverty in his later years. After Lu Zhen's death, the manuscript was compiled by Zheng Banqiao and other disciples, and Liu Weiyuan helped him to publish it. From the perspective of Lu Zhen's personality, his disciple Zheng Banqiao is quite similar. The style of poetry that wants to come to Lu Zhen also has a deep influence on Banqiao. For example, Lu Zhen has a song "The Dream of the Poppy Zheng Kerou":
is thinking about the great mountains and rivers, and even on the peak of Zhilian. That can leave a dead sentence, hate to kill the dust, desire to get rid of, suffering nowhere. The deceased
felt ridiculous, and he was very audible. Jun You also dreamed of Qin Zhong, I am not a donkey in Baqiao, and my dream is empty.
Zheng Kerou is Zheng Banqiao. It seems that at a certain moment, Zheng Banqiao told the teacher about a dream of himself. Lu Zhen felt about it, soFilled in this word. The poem was written quite sad and euphemistic. Yan Dichang commented on the poem: “Through Zheng Xie to describe his dreams, he utters a desolate state of mind, his words seem relaxed, and his feelings are really depressed.” Compared with
, Lu Zhen’s long tone is quite positive. For example, he made a poem "He the Bridegroom·Meihualing Baiming Shige Department Burial Garment":
lonely mound fox wears the knot, leans on the west wind, where to call the soul, and pour the soup. Ye Lao said that the matter of the day, Yehuo shot each other from the edge of the city, watching the thin flesh and taking the city down. Hundreds of thousands of horizontal knives are like snow. Why is he afraid when he is dead? Changhong hangs on the air.
hates tears like lead, and the clothes are still in this way, and the voice and face are hard to draw. The side road is surrounded by pines and cypresses, and every day the pedestrians tie the horses, and the situation is beaten by the woods. There are only Chinese characters left on the remains of the monument, and those who do not know who the title is. Half is, moss borrowed. Although
has unsatisfactory life, Lu Zhen is still able to carefully appreciate the bits and pieces of life, especially some of his small orders, which are praised by later generations. For example, in his "Nine Poems of Early Summer", one of them is:
is a low birth, but his daughter is red. Tao Diao fell asleep in early spring, Xing Ji just fainted when he was drinking. I'm not as good as Nong. It is difficult to know what the poem
says at first glance, but Yan Dichang believes that the poem is "small and round carrots." Words chanting carrots are indeed rare, so Mr. Yan thinks that such words by Lu Zhen "are not without sentimental meaning." It can be seen from this that Lu Zhen’s words can be roughly divided into two types: depressed and bright, and his disciple Banqiao is also affected by it. Therefore, Yan Dichang also divides Zheng Banqiao’s words into two aspects: "The difference of "Banqiao Ci" “Interesting” can be grasped from two aspects: one is sharp and spicy, both solemn and humorous; the other is quick and easy to speak, and the language is shallow and deep."
Banqiao Xiaosing, in the 14th year of the Republic of China, Sweep Ye Shanfang Lithograph
"Qing Ci" The first Banqiao Ci cited in History is "Qinyuanchun·Shuhuai":
flowers are ignorant, moon is boring, and wine is ineffective. Cut the Yaotao off and let the scenery go; the parrot is cooked and served with me. Burning inkstones burned books, vertebral piano paintings, ruining articles and obliterating names. Xingyang Zheng, has a family background of Mu Ge, begging for food.
is more difficult to be alone. Laughing seat hat and green shirt are too thin. Look at the autumn grass in Pengmen, broken alleys every year; sparse windows and drizzle, lonely lights every night. Could it be that God is still bitter and not allowed to sigh twice? It's crazy, taking hundreds of black silk, and writing in detail.
Chen Tingzhuo commented on the style of Banqiao’s poetry in Volume 19 of "The Collection of Yunshao": "Banqiao’s poems are unique, and their origins also originated from Su, Xin, Liu, and Jiang, and even more so. One hundred and twenty is very arbitrary, and the real ci are thunderous!" Chen believes that Banqiao Ci has a unique face, and repeats Banqiao’s previous master’s self-report, saying that the style of his poem comes from Su Xin Liu Jiang, but he is not affected by these words. The restraint of human beings shows the unique personality in the style of words. But such words obviously cannot be regarded as authentic by the Yaren, and Chen Tingzhuo also admits this. He went on to say in the article: "Banqiao Ci, ridicules are often said to be inconsistent with the correct sound, and this theory is also true. However, it is better than obscure. It’s obvious; instead of singing and pouring, it’s better to smash the saliva. More readers of Banqiao’s Ci will take medicine for mediocre diseases, and righteousness to cure the loss, not privately in Banqiao."
Zheng Banqiao wrote " "Banqiao Ci Chao", in the 14th year of the Republic of China, Sweep Ye Shanfang stone print, book plate
Zheng Banqiao wrote "Banqiao Ci Chao", in the 14th year of the Republic of China, Sweep Ye Shan Fang stone print, the first page is
Although Chen Tingzhuo thinks Banqiao's words are indecent, but However, he said with admiration that Banqiao Ci can break the rules, which is what is not mediocre. So how should the overall style of Banqiao Ci be summarized? Chen Tingzhuo used the word "quick": "Banqiao Ci is a potion of tiger and wolf medicine by Ma Haolan and Shi Langxian generation... Banqiao Ci is crude and reckless, with the means of revolving the universe, flying sand and walking the stone, and it is a word of "quick" in the sound of leaning. "
Banqiao’s original titled "Hate" of "Qinyuanchun Shuhuai", in the article "Liu Liucun Pamphlet", said: "Li Zhanyun of Nantong Prefecture is also the son of my year. He once lived in Chengdu Maha. Hearing people from Chishang reciting the words "Hate", until "Pengmen autumn grass, broken alleys every year; sparse windows and drizzle, and lonely lights every night", all have the meaning of suffocating tears." For this word, Ye Baicun is in " "Zheng Banqiao Ci" has this evaluation: "This poem is obviously a complaint when it is not met. It contains narratives and discussions, and also sings and cries. It is generous and desolate. Intellectual's) gush out unreservedly with resentment. "
A person’s style of words has a greater relationship with his personality, and the formation of his personality is more directly related to his circumstances. Zheng Banqiao’s official career was not smooth, and he did not become the county magistrate of Fan County until he was fifty. If you can’t express your talents, of course, you will express the injustice in your works. For example, he wrote a poem "ZhuZhu": "If you are over fifty, you have to avoid children. Feelings are calm, and time comes. Dan Wan Xiaoyi is called right and wrong. The day is still high, and the night accounts are open. "From this we can see what kind of mentality he has. Of course his mentality will also be manifested in his writing, for example, his song "The Green Jade Case·The Official Situation":
covered with yellow silk quilt in ten years. Every time, the taste of officials. The sky is like water after raining in Huai Ting. It is right to splash tea, right to brew brewing, and it is tired of clerical work.
sits on Cao and screams to pieces. Distilled, the cold wind is blowing, how much ambition is to retreat!
For this phrase, Zhai Mo quoted in the article "Where is the strange Zheng Banqiao", and then quoted a passage from Zeng Yandong's "Xiaodou Peng" Volume 16 Evaluation: "For those who are like Banqiao, it is not very good to make them go to Tsinghua University, choose Yutang, write words and draw words, and promote Xiu Ming in harmony? However, the task of civil society has been turned upside down in the palm of the book, martingale! Alas! Creation is not a coincidence, the talented person cannot be used, and it is a pity to use it to violate his talent! "
