's much-watched war movie "Yubai" was based on the last battle of the Songhu Battle in 1937. Shanghai was on the verge of fall. Deputy Xie Jinyuan of the 524th Regiment of the 88th Division was ordered to lead more than 400 people, leaving alone the last line of defense- Four Line Warehouse , 4 days and 4 nights of blood battle with the Japanese invaders. In order to confuse the enemy and strengthen our army, Xie Jinyuan said that there were 800 people in the warehouse, hence the name " Eight Hundred Heroes ". During the War of Resistance against Japan, in addition to the four-row warehouse defense battle, there were also many significant defense battles. For example, the Shipai defense battle, known as the "Defense Battle of Stalingrad in the East," was a major military turning point. There are also the Eighth Route Army’s defense of Huangyadong and the New Fourth Army’s defense of Zhujiagang, both of which are miracles of fighting more with less.
▲The four-row warehouse used to bomb the wall
"China will not die, China will not die, you see the national hero Xie, China will not die, China will not die, you see the 800 warriors stand alone East Battlefield..." This song brings us back to the autumn of 1937. Shanghai, by the Suzhou River, "eight hundred heroes", with the support of the people of Shanghai and the backing of the people of the whole country, fought a bloody battle. The Japanese aggressors saw the determination of the Chinese sons and daughters to defend their sovereignty and dignity, and heard the roar of anger.
●It is known that the sacrifice is in front of us
After August 13, 1937, Chiang Kai-shek sent more than 700,000 KMT elite divisions to start a fierce battle with the Japanese invading army. However, in the Songhu Plain, where there was almost no natural barrier to defend, faced with the Japanese army, which had an absolute advantage over sea and air, the Kuomintang army suffered huge casualties in more than two months.
On October 26, in view of the increasingly difficult resistance in the Zhabei area of Shanghai, Chiang Kai-shek decided to withdraw most of the troops from the area to defend the western suburbs of Shanghai. At the same time, he ordered General Gu Zhutong and to leave his 88th Division alone. resistance. Because the signatories of the Nine Nations Convention will hold a meeting on November 6, Chiang Kai-shek hopes to win the sympathy and support of the international community with the sacrifice of the 88th Division.
Commander of the Eighty-Eighth Division Sun Yuanliang, through Chief of Staff Zhang Boxing, proposed to Gu Zhutong: Since it is for political purposes, the strength of the troops staying in Zhabei is mostly sacrifice, and less strength is sacrifice; defending multiple strongholds is to defend and concentrate. The defense of one or two strongholds is also a defense. In the end, Gu Zhutong agreed that the Eighty-Eighth Division would retain a regiment of troops and deal with it by himself. Sun Yuanliang decided to use the Four Lines Warehouse as a stronghold for 7 days. This was also proposed by Chiang Kai-shek to him. After deliberation, he felt that one regiment was still too strong. When he finally evacuated, he decided to leave only the first battalion of the 524 regiment of the 88th Division. The battalion commander is Lieutenant Commander Yang Ruifu; in order to strengthen leadership, Lieutenant Colonel Xie Jinyuan, deputy commander of the 524 regiment, was appointed as the highest officer. The
four-line warehouse is the stack of the four bank savings associations of Jincheng, Mainland China, Salt Industry, and Zhongnan. It is located on the west side of the new garbage bridge (now Tibet Road Bridge) on the north bank of the Suzhou River. It is 120 meters in length and 15 meters in width. It is a reinforced concrete building Buildings are easy to defend and difficult to attack due to thick walls and high buildings. Back then, its west and north were the Chinese territories, which had been occupied by Japanese troops, the east was a public concession, the south was separated by the Suzhou River, and the opposite bank was also a public concession.
Yang Ruifu received the order to retreat from the Zhabei frontier position, and he was reluctant, because he had been in this position for 2 months. When Sun Yuanliang told him to withdraw to the Four Lines Warehouse, and only one battalion would stand for 7 days to cover the whole army's retreat, he was very happy. He knew that it was possible to sacrifice all of his men, but said that "the enemy is now, and the man should die for the country." After two months of hard work and five replenishment of troops, the
troops retreated to the Sixing warehouse, including deputy head Xie Jinyuan, with only 414 people. And their opponent is the third division of the Japanese Ace Army commanded by Matsui Ishine who created the Nanjing Massacre.
● Proper tactics, victory in the first battle
On the morning of October 27, the Japanese army under the cover of heavy artillery and tanks attacked the already ruined Shanghai Railway Station (Old North Railway Station). Matsui Iwane then ordered his subordinates to advance quickly to the north side of the Suzhou River.
When the leading troops of the Third Division of the Japanese Army advanced to the four-row warehouse, they were suddenly shot by the Chinese army. More than 10 corpses were dropped at once, and the rest hurriedly retreated. In the afternoon, under the cover of tanks, the Japanese attacked from both east and west at the same time, but the shells hit the hard walls of the warehouse to no avail.. The Japanese did not dare to use heavy artillery, lest the shells cross the Suzhou River and hit the concession. As a result, the two-way attack of the Japanese army encountered the swift and condescending defender, which was of no avail. The Japanese army dropped 20 corpses and retreated again.
At the critical moment when the Japanese army tried to blast the warehouse and used tanks to cover the infantry’s impact on the entrance of the cave, the death squad member Chen Shusheng strapped himself full of grenades, pulled the fuse, jumped into the enemy cluster from the window on the fifth floor, and died with more than 10 enemy soldiers. The heroic and heroic scene makes people cry.
The Japanese army occupied the Bank of Communications Building on the side of the Sihang Warehouse and deployed cannons on the back of the Sihang Warehouse. However, the cannons could not cause fatal damage to the thick walls of the Sihang Warehouse. The water supply and electricity supply are completely cut off.
● Origin of the "Eight Hundred Warriors"
The Chinese people in the concession learned from the violent gunfire the news of the "Eight Hundred Warriors" holding on to the four-line warehouse to kill the enemy heroically. People rushed to tell each other and were deeply encouraged. As night fell, the defenders of the Four Lines Warehouse built a wall with sandbags, slowly built it to the side of the new garbage bridge, and sent troops to garrison. They spent four or five hours dragging food, fruit, clothing, medicine and other materials and a large bag of condolences to the warehouse. Regarding the support of the people of Shanghai, Xie Jinyuan called the adjutant to pass on a message: "Please pay my respects to Shanghai and the country’s compatriots on my behalf. We will never disappoint everyone’s expectations. Even if the last soldier is left and the last drop of blood is shed, we must Fighting with the enemy to the end, I would rather die than lose the integrity of the Chinese nation.” At this time, there was also an event with many versions of significant impact, that is, Yang Huimin sent the national flag. At that time, the Chinese army did not carry national flags or military flags. Xie Jinyuan suddenly proposed that he hoped that a national flag would be hung on the top of the four-row warehouse in order to rejuvenate the country's military power. The Shanghai Chamber of Commerce quickly sent a big national flag. According to the famous Chinese doctor Chen Cunren recalled in the book "Life History in the War of Resistance Against Japan": "Suddenly a girl scout, Yang Huimin, bravely wrapped a large national flag with oilcloth, jumped into the Suzhou River under the rain of bullets, and swam to the opposite bank. Put a national flag she brought into the hands of the national army." This statement is the most heroic and romantic, but it seems to lack realistic feasibility. In the highly influential "History of Chinese Anti-Japanese Paintings" co-authored by Cao Juren and Shu Zongqiao, it was written that "The Girl Scout Yang Huimin sent the national flag not to swim over the Suzhou River, but to pass through a hole cut in the building next door." Yang Huimin said in the "Report" published in Wuhan: "When I walked near the garbage bridge with my sacred mission, I was stopped by a British army. After many debates, I finally got the permission of the British soldier. I climbed over the barbed wire fence, then crawled on the ground, and climbed many sandbag piles. After about two hours, I finally climbed to the four-row warehouse and presented the national flag to Deputy Xie Tuan and Captain Yang." Dang Xie Jinyuan and When Yang Ruifu took the national flag from this 10-year-old girl, he couldn't help but salute her! Yang Huimin asked Xie Jinyuan's future plans, and the soldiers present replied in unison: Defend the Sixing Warehouse to the death! When the little girl asked how many soldiers do you have? Xie Jinyuan replied: 800 people. And Yang Ruifu recalled that the severely wounded people sent before were also told one by one: if the outside world asked how many defenders there were in the warehouse, they would uniformly answer 800 people. This is the origin of the "eight hundred heroes"!
●Retreat with tears
Because there are two huge gas tanks on the south side of the new garbage bridge close at hand, if the gas tank is shot, half of Shanghai will be reduced to ashes. Therefore, representatives from the United Kingdom and the United States and other countries on October 29 Japan submitted a petition to the National Government, demanding that the fighting be stopped for "humanitarian reasons." After repeated consideration, Chiang Kai-shek believed that the original goal of sticking to Zhabei and the Four Lines Warehouse had been achieved: the vast majority of the Chinese army had successfully retreated and redeployed; and this battle has attracted the attention of the Western world. So he ordered the troops to evacuate the warehouse on October 31, and appointed Shanghai Garrison Commander Yang Hu to meet with British General Smallet to discuss how the Chinese soldiers would retreat to the public concession and join the Eighty-Eighth Division fighting in western Shanghai. So the concession side came forward and repeatedly negotiated with the Japanese military to make the Chinese army retreat.
The Japanese commander Matsui Ishine originally thought that there should be at least one brigade in the Four Lines Warehouse with a force of two to three thousand men, so he agreed to let the Chinese defenders retreat. Later, when he learned from the newspaper that the four-row warehouse garrison, which killed more than 200 people in his third division, was dissatisfied with 800 people, his face immediately became uncontrollable. He immediately asked the British side: When Xie Jinyuan’s Ministry retreated toAfter the British concession, all weapons must be disarmed and freedom of movement restricted...
Xie Jinyuan tearfully commanded the troops to retreat, but the concession authorities disarmed all the firearms of a battalion of officers and soldiers and sent them all to Jiaozhou Road in the Italian defense zone in the western part of the concession. isolation.
On April 24, 1941, Xie Jinyuan was stabbed to death by four soldiers bought by Wang Puppet No. 76 spies in the playground of the Sixing Lonely Army Camp. He was only 37 years old. 250,000 Shanghai citizens went to the solitary army camp to mourn General Xie Jinyuan.
On April 16, 1983, the Shanghai Municipal People's Government rebuilt the tomb of Xie Jinyuan in Hongqiao Wanguo Cemetery (now Song Qingling Cemetery). In September 1985, Sixing Warehouse was listed as a memorial place for the War of Resistance Against Japan. (Source|Reader's Newspaper)
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