According to @国EarlyRelease on Weibo, the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center issued a solar flare information reminder: At 14:01 on May 5, 2024, Beijing time, a strong flare (magnitude x1.3) broke out from the sun. It was daytime in my country when the incident occurred, and the flare had an impact on the ionosphere above my country. It is expected that in the next three days, M-level or even X-level flares may still erupt. The National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center will closely track the development of the event and issue forecast and warning information in a timely manner.
National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center forecast:
It is expected that in the next three days, the level of solar activity will be moderate to high, and M-level or even X-level flares may erupt.
predicts that in the next three days, affected by CME on the 3rd, geomagnetic activity or even small geomagnetic storms may occur on the 5th and 6th, and geomagnetic activity will be calm to slight disturbances on the 7th. The high-energy proton flux in geostationary orbit with energy greater than 10 mev will be at the background level; the daily integrated flux of high-energy electrons with energy greater than 2 mev will be at low to moderate levels.
It is expected that ionospheric weather disturbances may occur in parts of China in the next three days.
In the past 24 hours, the solar activity level was moderate. It can be seen that a total of 6 M-level flares broke out on the sun, all of which were active area 13663 outbursts. The largest flare was M9.1 at 06:19 UTC. It can be seen that a new active area 13667 (n28e73) appears on the sun. There are currently 7 active areas visible on the solar surface. Currently, active area 13663 has a large area and a complex magnetic field type of βγδ type.
In the past 24 hours, geomagnetic activity has been calm to slightly disturbed; the solar wind speed has dropped from about 400 km/s to about 350 km/s; bt fluctuates around 5 nt, and bz fluctuates between -3 nt and 2 nt; geostationary orbit The flux of high-energy protons with energy greater than 10 mev is at the background level; the daily integrated flux of high-energy electrons with energy in geostationary orbit greater than 2 mev is at a low level.
In the past 24 hours, sudden ionospheric disturbances occurred in some areas of my country during the flare.
What is a flare?
Solar flares are one of the most violent activity phenomena on the sun, with a cycle of about 11 years. Its main observational feature is that local areas of the solar atmosphere suddenly brighten, often accompanied by an increase in electromagnetic radiation and particle emission in various energy bands, with the brightness rising rapidly and falling slowly.
Solar activity has a characteristic. It does not maintain the same intensity and frequency of bursts. Instead, it is like a date stone, "thin at both ends and thick in the middle." On average, every 11 years, solar activity will show a change from weak to weak. The periodic change from strong to weak is the solar activity cycle. During each solar cycle, the average number of X-class flares occurs 175 times, which is about 16 times per year on average.
The activity peak of the 25th solar cycle between January and October 2024 is the "solar maximum period", that is to say, the sun will reach the peak of the current activity cycle in 2024.
Although the lifespan of a solar flare is only between a few minutes and tens of minutes, the energy released is equivalent to the total energy of one hundred thousand or even one million strong volcanic eruptions, or the explosion of tens of billions of 100-ton hydrogen bombs. . Gan Weiqun, chief scientist of the
solar exploration satellite "Kuafu-1" and researcher at the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, introduced that according to the energy of soft x-ray bursts from small to large, flares are divided into five levels: a, b, c, m, and x. Each The energy difference between levels is ten times, for example, a x1.0 level flare is 100 times stronger than a c1.0 level flare.
How do solar flares affect us?
A flare might be like the sun sneezing, but the Earth might also be catching a cold. Han Dayang, an engineer at the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center, said that the outer atmosphere of the sun is ejected from the surface of the sun, forming a solar wind that fills the entire solar system, and the earth is soaked in it. Only with the earth's magnetic field as a natural barrier can we survive.
Solar activity will cause various changes in the solar wind and the earth's space environment. Just as the short-term change process in the earth's atmosphere is called "weather", the various short-term change processes that occur in the sun and earth space are called "space weather".
Violent activities of the sun, such as flares and coronal mass ejections, often create space weather events that disturb the earth and may trigger "space weather disasters."These disasters are mainly emitted by the sun in the form of radiation and high-energy substances, which affect near-Earth space and man-made facilities on the ground, affecting and harming the safety of satellites and spacecrafts, as well as aviation, communications, navigation and other fields.
Solar flares are the most typical solar eruptions. A coronal mass ejection can throw hundreds of millions of tons of solar material away from the sun's surface at a high speed of hundreds of kilometers per second. They carry the sun's powerful magnetic field energy, Once it hits the earth, it will trigger changes in the direction and size of the geomagnetic field, which is a geomagnetic storm.
Professor Cheng Xin, deputy dean of the School of Astronomy and Space Science of Nanjing University, said that geomagnetic storms will cause voltage and current fluctuations in long-distance power transmission systems, leading to power outages or unstable power supply. Changes in the attitude of satellites in orbit will affect GPS signals and lead to navigation failures. .
Cai Zheng, associate professor of the Department of Astronomy at Tsinghua University, said that geomagnetic storms will indeed have a certain impact on electronic communication products, but they will have almost no impact on the health of ordinary people. The topic
topped the list of hot searches. Netizens: It’s so scary. It’s recommended to take a holiday.
Today is the first day of rework after the May Day holiday. The topic of “solar flares” triggered heated discussions:
Let’s travel on a broomstick: is too scary. It's so scary, I recommend taking a vacation.
Summer Air 008: I said why I am so sleepy and have a headache
Tornado-fighting: I should extend the holiday for three days on May Day
Born to love eating chicken: I feel that the universe is flashing, and the countdown to the end of the holiday keeps flashing in front of my eyes.
I am Lu Zai and I am ready to show off: No wonder I don’t want to go to work. It turns out that it was caused by the solar flare. It makes sense. Can I let the solar flare go to work for me?
Source: Chengshi Interactive Comprehensive Report
