cotton was introduced to our country, it has been widely welcomed, and it is also widely distributed in the north and south. Xinjiang is one of the main cotton producing areas in my country. With sufficient sunlight and stable water sources, it has become a production base for high-quality cotton flowers in my country. So where is the main producing area of cotton in Xinjiang?
Where is the origin of Xinjiang cotton?
Xinjiang cotton production areas include southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang. Among them, Aksu in southern Xinjiang is the main producing area of cotton and is also an important high-quality cotton production base in the country. Aksu has now become an important cotton trading and distributing center in Xinjiang and a gathering place for the textile industry.
my country's three major cotton producing areas
my country's cotton areas are vast. According to the requirements of cotton for ecological conditions, combined with the characteristics of cotton production, as well as the distribution of cotton areas, socio-economic conditions and cotton planting history, the country is divided into three major cotton areas: The Yangtze River Basin cotton area, the Yellow River cotton area and the Xinjiang cotton area.
Xinjiang cotton production area characteristics
Xinjiang cotton is known for its long fiber, white color, and strong tensile strength. It is the Xinjiang cotton area with the most development potential in my country. Xinjiang is rich in water, soil, light and heat resources, the climate is arid and rainless, and the conditions for planting cotton are unique. The southern Xinjiang cotton area is the main cotton producing area in Xinjiang. Its cotton output accounts for about 80% of the output of Xinjiang cotton area. It is also the most suitable cotton planting area in my country. It is the production base of long-staple cotton . The southern Xinjiang cotton area has sufficient light conditions and water source conditions are also very sufficient. After the snow on the snow-capped mountains melts, a sufficient water source can be formed for cotton irrigation.
cotton planting conditions
1, lighting conditions
Cotton is a light-loving crop, suitable for growing under sufficient light conditions, the light compensation point and light saturation point are both high, according to the measurement of the light compensation point of a single cotton leaf is 750~1000 lux , The light saturation point is 70,000 to 80,000 lux. In general, the suitable range of cotton leaves for light intensity is 8,000 to 70,000 lux. In this range, the photosynthetic intensity increases with the increase of light intensity.
2, water conditions
Cotton growth needs to absorb water from the soil, and the physiological water requirements of each growth stage are different. The soil moisture content of 0-20 cm from sowing to emergence should account for 70-80% of the field water holding capacity. Seedling stage 0- The water content of the 40 cm soil layer should account for 60-70% of the field water holding capacity, and the water content of the 0-60 cm soil layer at the initial bud stage should account for 65-75% of the field water holding capacity. The water content of the layer should account for 70-80% of the field water holding capacity, not less than 60-65%, and the relative soil water content during the flocculation period should be maintained at 55-70%. According to related research, about 2/3 of the water in cotton fields is consumed by transpiration during the whole growth period, and 1/3 is consumed by land evaporation.
3, soil conditions
cotton growth and development need water and nutrients, mainly obtained from the soil through the root system, the required temperature and air are partly taken from the soil, while requiring the mechanical support of the soil to grow. The physical, chemical and biological properties of cotton soil largely restrict the yield and quality of cotton. Soil moisture, nutrients, temperature, air, salt content, and texture all have a great impact on cotton growth.
4, heat conditions
The first and later stages of cotton growth are most sensitive to heat conditions. It usually takes 7-20 days from sowing to emergence, requiring activity accumulated temperature 160～320℃, when the temperature of cotton is maintained above 20℃ after sowing Seedlings can emerge within 7-8 days. If the temperature is unstable after sowing, although the average temperature is 15～17℃, it will take about 20 days for the seedlings to emerge. The lower the average daily temperature, the more accumulated temperature required from sowing to emergence.
The heat condition not only affects the yield of cotton, but also seriously affects the quality of cotton. When the same region and the same variety are in the same area, the number of days between flowering and spitting stage is obvious.In the prolonged years, when the accumulated temperature at this stage is too high, the yield and quality of cotton will decrease significantly.
Cotton needs sufficient light, water, soil and heat to grow, and Xinjiang seems to exist in order to adapt to the growth of cotton. The quality of cotton in Xinjiang is better than the cotton produced in the other two major cotton-producing areas, and the cotton in Xinjiang is better than the cotton produced in and Aksu .