Reporter/Zhao Tianyu Photography/Zhang Xinghai
New Media Editor/Chen Xuanzhi
When it comes to printing, many people will think of printing, one of the four great inventions of ancient China, from engraving to movable type, from mud type to type, from laser phototypesetting to Digital printing. The development and application of printing technology has played an important role in promoting the cultural heritage of the Chinese nation and the entire world.
On November 16, the 8th Fangshan Science Reporter walked into the China Printing Museum. While understanding the development of printing technology and perceiving the charm of printing culture, he also had face-to-face exchanges with curator Sun Baolin, and shared the development of future printing technology. The outlook was carried out.
A half-volume scroll of printing history
enters the exhibition hall, and what you see is a huge woodcarving and movable type dials, which also confirms the two important inventions of ancient Chinese printing technology-the invention of Bi Sheng in the Song Dynasty Movable type printing and the wheel typesetting plate invented by Wang Zhen in the Yuan Dynasty. The China Printing Museum with a total area of 8,000 square meters is the world's largest printing museum. It comprehensively displays the history of the origin, invention and development of printing in various countries.
From ancient times to the present, from East to West, the five exhibition areas of ancient printing exhibition hall, modern printing exhibition hall, printing equipment exhibition hall, special exhibition hall and digital exhibition hall clearly record the history and culture of printing technology, especially Chinese printing technology. Following in the footsteps of the guide, the reporters listened carefully, taking pictures from time to time.
▲Little reporters stopped at the papermaking booth to record
China was the first country in the world to invent papermaking, and naturally became the birthplace of printing; walked into the first floor of the ancient printing exhibition hall. Here is the context of history and dynasties, telling the development of ancient Chinese papermaking and printing. From the earliest oracle bone inscriptions and stone inscriptions to the printing of ancient imperial examination books, religious books, and picture works, printing technology has not only promoted economic development and knowledge dissemination, but has also become a pioneer in communicating Eastern and Western civilizations and promoting the prosperity of human culture. Among them, ancient China played an important role.
▲The reporters observed the modern exhibition hall on the second floor of the old newspaper printing schematic diagram
, and introduced in detail the modern printing methods such as letterpress printing, lithography, gravure printing, orifice printing, and also introduced the rise of the national printing industry in my country. And development. The "Wang Xuan and Project 748" area focused on the computer Chinese character processing technology invented by Academician Wang Xuan and his team, which avoided the Latinized input method of Chinese characters, and realized "Farewell to lead and fire, and usher in light and electricity." It can be called one of the greatest inventions of China in the 20th century. The exhibition hall on the basement floor of
is even more shocking. Unlike the exhibitions on other floors, a large number of printing presses are stored here, displaying more than one hundred printing equipment of various categories from 1865 to the early 1990s. It is understood that there are the earliest domestically produced printing equipment in New China, as well as the world’s only remaining 45-ton double-sheet double-color offset press. Approaching these neatly arranged printing equipment "old guys", as if walking into the long corridor of history, made many young reporters hooked.
talked with the curator about "printing culture"
"Welcome to the Printing Museum, the world's largest printing museum, although located in Daxing District, it is a museum unique to Beijing, China and the world." On the afternoon of the 16th. Sun Baolin, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the China Printing Museum, came to the exhibition hall to communicate with the science reporters face to face.
Sun Baolin told reporters that the emergence of printing has made large-scale reproduction possible. As one of China's four great inventions, printing has made great contributions to the development of China's continuous history and culture, as well as the entire human civilization. Therefore, printing is no longer a mere technology, but more of the inheritance and development of a national culture.
▲Sun Baolin, director of the China Printing Museum, communicated with reporters on the huge wood carvings and movable type dials
at the entrance of the museum. "In the industry, many people are looking forward to the establishment of a professional printing museum. It also attaches great importance to the inheritance and development of the cause. The Printing Museum was established under this background."Tensions, site selection is also very difficult, and construction funds are insufficient, so the printing industry employees collectively mobilized to donate money from their salaries to support the construction of the museum. Finally, in 1996, the China Printing Museum was officially opened in Huangcun Town, Daxing County at the time. The Chinese printing industry had its own professional museum for the first time.
Now that there are fewer newspapers and magazines in life, does it mean that printing technology is beginning to decline? Facing the questions raised by the young reporters, the curator Sun Baolin said that on the one hand, the development of the Internet era and digital reading has indeed reduced the number of traditional publishing and printing, but the proportion of daily printing such as billboards, banners, posters, and clothing offset printing, But it is rising sharply, which is also an important part of printing. Taking 2018 as an example, the total output value of the printing industry was as high as 1 trillion yuan, but no matter what form of printing, its essence is to "serve life" and meet the people's growing material and cultural needs.
▲The reporters participating in the event took a group photo
As printing technology talks about the future, Curator Sun Baolin said with emotion that in recent years, in the context of mechatronics, digital printing and 3D printing technology have begun to play an increasingly important role This ancient technique is radiated with brand-new vitality because of the power of technological innovation. "The development of printing technology in the future, bioprinting is a good path, such as artificial organs and blood vessels that can be printed. This is also a medical technology. Innovation has created new possibilities."
Produced: Popular Science Central Kitchen
Producer: Beijing Science and Technology News | Science Plus Client
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