1. Foreword
About three hundred years BC, on the land of China, near Shangqiu of Song Dynasty, behind everything that seems ordinary, it is about to usher in a good story from the hundreds of pre-Qin scholars.
Because in the near future, Zhuangzi and Hui Shi will be born from here one after another. And in the long years to come, they, as the rare pair of cross-school confidants among the pre-Qin scholars, will leave a lot of legends for future generations.
For example, the well-known story of Zhuangzi and Hui Shi swimming on Haoliang, eloquently whether the fish is happy or not, is an interesting debate that happened shortly after they became friends.
1.0.0 Haoliang’s debate is really interesting
. Through this witty debate, we not only appreciate the logic and steady progress of the famous debate style, but also glimpse the Taoist debate style that focuses on beauty and is good at jumping thinking. , It is extremely enjoyable.
However, there is still a long way to go before they become true confidants.
Because Hui Shi is one of the pioneers of famous artists, what he pursues is to become an official in order to realize his ideal of saving the country and ruling the world. As a representative of the Taoist school, Zhuangzi's thoughts have already surpassed the mundane world and have risen to the height of all things in the universe, and he does not bother to enter officialdom.
, two giants with such a big difference in ideological level, want to become confidantes, not just overnight. They either love each other through killing each other, or they have a high sense of identity through a long time together.
The road of Zhuangzi and Huishi becoming confidants obviously belongs to the former.
1.0.1 Zhuangzi Huishi became a lifelong confidant during the fall in love and killing
2. The beginning of fate
About 322 BC, King Wei Hui was forced by current political pressure to use Zhang Yi as a relationship, but Hui Shi, who had always been inconsistent with Zhang Yi, Was brutally deported.
Looking at Wei Guo who has been with him for many years behind him, there is no place for him at this moment, and a sense of helplessness is born in Hui Shi's heart.
"I don't know where is my way home?" Hui Shi shook his head, sighed, and finally packed up and walked aimlessly on the land of China.
He went to the two places of Han and Chu, and once stayed in the capital of Chu, but the King of Chu was also afraid of offending Zhang Yi, and finally sent Hui Shi to Song.
And in this mutual excuse, Hui Shi also tasted the warmth and sadness of the world. In the end, disappointed, he chose to return to his homeland, Songdi Shangqiu, to spend his time in peace.
2.0.0 Hui Shi finally chose to return to his hometown.
"Oh, the world is so big, where can I display my talents!" After returning to Song Land, Hui Shi looked at the endless lake, and Hui Shi felt impressed.
Suddenly, a man in Tsing Yi lying prone by the lake caught Hui Shi's eyes. I saw that he was burly in shape, and he looked like a beaded garden, and he was very contented.
"This person has an extraordinary appearance! I don't know who is an expert who hides here?" Hui Shi was startled and couldn't help but want to ask questions.
"This Xiongtai, but are you here to enjoy the lake and mountain scenery?"
"No, no, I am in the midst of the universe, admiring the decline of all things." The man in Tsing Yi shook his hand and replied slowly.
"This person is really extraordinary! He thinks of all things in the universe from this place, and he has a broad mind. If I can make a friend with him, that would be a great pleasure!" Keiko thought quickly, for a moment. I also put my worries behind.
"Xiongtai's remarks can be described as viewing the radiance of the bright moon from the fire of fireflies. I really admire them. Under the surname Huiming Shi, I don’t know who is Xiongtai. Can you appreciate your face and discuss the universe with me through this beautiful scenery? "
2.0.1 Hui Shi saw a person
by the lake" Hui Shi? "The man in Tsing Yi muttered to himself, "That person from the famous family?" "The man in Tsing Yi is Zhuangzi. The famous Hui Shi's name argument has long been known to the world, and he had been an official in Wei for many years, and Zhuangzi naturally heard of it.
But now this Hui Shi is not an official. , I even ran to my eyes and wanted to talk about everything in the universe, which surprised Zhuangzi.
But at this time, Zhuangzi was a bit boring, and discussing each other with famous masters might not be a good opportunity to relieve one’s lack. I didn’t think much. Zhuangzi soon reported himselfFortunately, he agreed to Hui Shi's request and moved his leg to signal Hui Shi to sit down.
"It turned out to be Zhuang Zhou!" Hui Shi thought while sitting, "No wonder it's so extraordinary. When I saw it today, I really hid the great talent."
...
So, these two pre-Qin magnates, Zhuangzi and Huishi , The first time I met, I was at this huge lake, talking about the universe, and at the same time opened the first step in their long friendship.
2.0.2 This is the beginning of the fate between Hui Shi and Zhuangzi
3. Love and kill
The specific circumstances of the first meeting between Zhuangzi and Hui Shi, have not been passed down in history books, and there is no way to know their specific content.
However, from the frequent interactions between Zhuangzi and Hui Shi later, the first exchange left a deep impression on both sides.
Because not long after, Zhuangzi and Hui Shi met again by appointment, and on Haoliang, they had a long-lasting argument about fish and music.
Zhuangzi was still wearing Tsing Yi, while Hui Shi carefully arranged his face, and he could see that he had walked out of the feeling of loss.
The two of them walked slowly along the Haoliang River, enjoying the surrounding scenery, very comfortable.
3.0.0 Zhuang Zhou and Hui Shi swim on Haoliang
"Ah, these fish are free, how happy they are!" Zhuangzi looked at the fish swimming freely, and couldn't help but think of life as well. It is interesting to live without being fettered. But like Hui Shi, who suffers from gains and losses, after all, he still fails to see the essence of the world.
Hui Shi can't fail to hear what Zhuangzi meant, but as a famous artist, active involvement in officialdom is his life creed. Furthermore, if everyone pursues unfetteredness, wouldn't the world be chaotic? So Hui Shi immediately retorted.
"Mr. is not a fish in the water, how do you know that the fish at this moment is happy?"
didn't expect that a sentence he sighed casually was discovered by Hui Shi so quickly. Zhuangzi was a little surprised, but There was no panic, because there were loopholes in Hui Shi's words, so Zhuangzi stopped and smiled slightly.
"That sir is not me either. How can I know that I don't know that the fish in the water is happy at this moment?"
3.0.1 Zhuang Zi also refuted
Hui Shi after hearing Zhuang Zhou's words, he was already confident. In Fangcai's words, Hui Shi sold a flaw to Zhuangzi. If Zhuangzi refutes himself through this flaw, he is bound to fall into his own trap.
"Haha, this is correct. I am not a husband. Naturally, I don't know if the husband knows that Yuer is happy, but the husband is not a fish. Similarly, we can also conclude that Mr. Doesn’t know whether Yuer is happy or not."
Zhuangzi It was only then that I realized that I just accidentally fell into a logical trap set by Hui Shi. It seems that the name debate of famous artists is step by step, and the cause and effect are interlinked. It really deserves its reputation.
However, Zhuangzi is not a vegetarian. After thinking for a moment, he uses his active thinking to conceptually replace this problem that has entered a dead end.
"Oh, the more you talk, the more confused you will be. Let's return to the essence of the question. Your question just now asked me where I know that fish is happy. I will answer you now and I know it on Haoliang Bridge. "
The meeting between Zhuang Zhou and Hui Shi was ended in a sneak exchange of Zhuangzi's concept.
3.0.2 Zhuangzi exchanged probability to end this debate.
This meeting, Zhuang Zhou wanted to take advantage of the freedom of fish in the water to beat Hui Shi’s philosophy, but he did not expect to almost fall down Hui Shi’s logical debate. In the trap, Hui Shi's debating talent was deeply imprinted in Zhuangzi's mind.
Similarly, for Hui Shi, Zhuangzi's eclectic jumping thinking has made Hui Shi unforgettable for a long time.
"He is so talented." Maybe, one night, Hui Shi would think so.
Time flies, and a few years have passed. During this period Zhuangzi traveled around the world, looking for the great freedom in his heart. Because of Zhang Yi's departure, Hui Shi returned to the State of Wei and continued to be reused by the king of Wei, occupying important positions.
3.0.3 In a few years, Hui Shi re-employed as an official, Zhuangzi traveled all over the world
one day, traveled outside the boring Zhuangzi, and learned about old friends that he had not seen for many yearsHui Shi, for the news that he was a senior official in the Wei state again, he wanted to congratulate him again, and by the way, he was conducting an academic inquiry.
Just do it, Zhuangzi finished his thoughts, and drove an ox cart to Wei State alone.
And at this moment, Hui Shi, who is immersed in thinking about the strategy of governing the country, also learned the news from the following population.
But he was not as happy as Zhuang Zhou. He experienced the taste of being taken away by Zhang Yi before, which made Hui Shi a little bit more resistant to all those whose talents were not under him.
Zhuang Zhou has a great talent. If he takes the opportunity to be valued by the king of Wei, will he not be able to preserve his position?
therefore gave an order to search for Zhuang Zhou in the whole city, to arrest him and put him under his control, so as to prevent Zhuang Zhou from competing for his position.
3.0.4 Hui Shi was afraid of playing the old show again at
. However, after searching for three days and nights, he did not catch half of Zhuang Zhou's hair. While Hui Shi was in distress, Zhuang Zhou knocked on Hui Shi's door unexpectedly.
Hui Shi looked at Zhuang Zhou in a daze. Before Hui Shi could speak, Zhuang Zhou told a story right away.
"I heard that there is a kind of sacred bird in the south called the scorpion. When it flies from south to north, it is not that the sycamore branches do not inhabit, it is not that the fruit on the bamboo does not eat, it is not that the sweet spring does not drink. Now it has passed by a Above the owl, and the owl just caught a mouse, and the owl directly yelled. Now, do you want to use your official position to frighten me?"
said, Zhuangzi left angrily Wei Guo. Hui Shi couldn't calm down for a long time.
3.0.5 Zhuangzi satirizes Huishi with the example of a quagmire
Zhuangzi has the universe in mind. His ideal is to travel in the sky, free and unfettered by the shackles of reality, but now, Hui Shi is really like a gentleman. The taste made Zhuangzi feel angry.
For Hui Shi, Zhuangzi's words are a bit too explicit. Although everyone knows Zhuang Zhou Qinggao, wouldn't people's ideas change?
Moreover, from Hui Shi's point of view, he had already suffered a loss before, but now that he has taken precautionary measures, what is wrong, and Hui Shi originally emphasized the learning of officialdom.
Therefore, both sides of this conversation are uncomfortable. Zhuang Zhou was treated in this way by Hui Shi, angrily borrowed the allusions from the 鹓鹓, and ridiculed Hui Shi's fame and fame in a very open manner. But Hui Shi is a dumb eating coptis, and there is no way to tell.
"Forget it." Hui Shi ridiculed himself, "Let him go with the universe in mind, I have to deal with the official documents." Turning to deal with the official documents.
3.0.6 Hui Shi is bitter and can't tell
Days pass day by day, and Hui Shi also begins to get bored in the cumbersome documents all day.
"Eh? It seems that Zhuang Zhou has been talking to me for a long time in the future. Isn't it the last time he really angered him? It stands to reason that he is not that kind of person. No, I have to find out." Hui Shizhe When I was depressed, I thought of Zhuang Zhou. So he sent someone to inquire about the situation.
"My lord, Zhuangzi's wife passed away recently." The subordinate who came back from inquiries ran in.
"Huh? Quick, quick, get the car, I'm going to mourn." Hui Shi was taken aback by the sudden news.
Not long after, Keiko and his party arrived at Zhuang Zhou's residence, a simple thatched cottage, but there was no sign of death beside them, and there were waves of percussions in the house.
3.0.7 Hui Shi went to mourn Zhuang Zhou's wife
Hui Shi motioned for someone to wait outside, and he entered the thatched cottage alone.
In the thatched house, I saw Zhuangzi sitting alone on the ground, knocking on the wooden basin, singing songs from time to time.
"You are not a thing! Your wife served you all the life, gave birth to a son for you, and died with you. Now that she has passed away, if you don't cry, you still have the face to sing?" Hui Shi looked at All this is angry.
Unexpectedly, Zhuangzi was unmoved, and said lightly: "It's not what you said, when she first died, how could I not be sad? But later, I thought of the reincarnation of human life and the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. Generally, she who is dead now is just lying quietly between heaven and earth, but I still cry for it. It seems that I haven't reached the point where I know the laws of heaven, so I won't cry." After listening to this,
, benefitShi stood still for a long time, "Oh." He sighed silently, and quietly retreated.
3.0.8 Zhuangzi died of his wife and hit the pot, he had a profound meaning
4. Unknowingly, he was already a confidant
No one thought that Hui Shi went to condolences Zhuang Zhou’s wife, this was the last conversation with Zhuangzi.
Not long after, Keiko also passed away before Zhuang Zhou. I don't know how Zhuang Zhou felt after learning that Hui Shi died, and he also felt that Hui Shi had stepped into death first?
But before Zhuang Zhou passed by Hui Shi's grave, we learned from him that in Zhuang Zhou's mind, Hui Shi was already regarded as a life confidant.
4.0.0 In Zhuang Zhou's mind, Hui Shi has already been his confidant
In his numerous debates with Hui Shi, countless discussions, Hui Shi's erudition attracted him, and Hui Shi's debate attracted him.
Although he knew that Hui Shi had a great fame and that Hui Shi coveted the wealth of the world, he never mocked Hui Shi once, and Hui Shi had refuted him more than once.
However, I have to admit that in this debate, the friendship between the two is also heating up.
Zhuangzi once preached to his disciples when passing by Huishi's grave.
"In the old days, there were two people in Chu State, one of them was a skilled stonemason, and the other was his friend. The two of them once did a performance in which the friend of the stonemason put a little lime on the tip of his nose and stood still. The stonemason quickly swung his axe and cut it off suddenly. Afterwards, the stonemason friend’s nose no longer had the slightest lime, and there was no injury, which was awe-inspiring.”
“Later Song Yuanjun learned about this, so he invited the stonemason again for everyone. Performance. But the stonemason said that now my friend has passed away, no one can calm down and let me chop."
4.0.1 Zhuangzi used this to compare the feelings between him and Hui Shi
"So, I and Hui Shi The relationship between the husband is like the relationship between the stonemason and his friend. Since the death of Mr. Hui Shi, there is no opponent in this world worthy of argument with." After
finished speaking, Zhuang Zi moved towards the tomb of Hui Shi. worship. It is a pity that the pre-Qin confidant pair of giants has disappeared forever at this moment. Only let our descendants sigh how deep the innocent friendship they have produced during the debate.
