mushrooms are one of the familiar "mountain treasures". There is a proverb, "If you want to be healthy, fungus soup is a treasure."
can win this reputation. Mushrooms depend not only on their delicious taste, but also on their rich nutrition.
According to the "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "Bacteria has the effects of nourishing the stomach, nourishing body fluids, replenishing vital energy, balancing yin and yang, clearing the intestines and kidneys, and improving the liver and eyesight."
and modern nutrition often emphasizes that "running on the ground is not as good as flying in the sky. , Flying in the sky is not as good as swimming in water, four-legged is not as good as two-legged, and two-legged is not as good as one-legged".
So, where are these "one-leg" mushrooms?
Different mushrooms have different nutrition.
Mushrooms are fungi and are the collective name for many edible fungi. Among them, oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, eryngii mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, tea tree mushrooms, coprinus comatus, Hericium erinaceus, etc. are common ingredients on the market.
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Pleurotus ostreatus-lipid-lowering
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that Pleurotus ostreatus is sweet and warm in nature, and has the effects of dispelling wind and cold, and relaxing muscles and muscles.
Modern nutrition believes that the β-glucan contained in Pleurotus ostreatus can improve the body's immunity; taurine contained in it is a component of bile acid, which can dissolve cholesterol, digest and absorb lipids; among them, selenium and polysaccharides Body, etc. have a good inhibitory effect on tumor cells.
Suitable for the crowd: general people can eat, especially suitable for the infirm and cancer patients.
is the best match: Pleurotus ostreatus + eggs
Eggs are a complete nutritious food, but lack dietary fiber. Pleurotus ostreatus is rich in dietary fiber and tastes delicious.
Pleurotus ostreatus is fried with eggs or made into soup, which is a perfect match in terms of nutrition and taste.
Pleurotus ostreatus is not suitable for cutting with a knife, it is best to tear it into a suitable size by hand, so that it has a good taste and is more conducive to the release of mushroom flavor.
shiitake mushrooms-strengthening bones
Chinese medicine believes that shiitake mushrooms have the effects of harmonizing the stomach, invigorating the spleen, replenishing qi and nourishing the kidney, and can cure chronic illnesses such as qi deficiency and loss of appetite.
Modern nutrition studies have confirmed that the vitamin D content in shiitake mushrooms is 20 times higher than that of soybeans and 8 times higher than kelp, which helps the body's calcium absorption and helps prevent osteoporosis.
Moreover, the polysaccharides contained in shiitake mushrooms can enhance the body's humoral immune function by increasing the vitality of helper T cells.
Suitable for the crowd: the general population can eat.
Note: Not for patients with intractable pruritus.
The best match: Shiitake mushrooms + rape
The ergosteroids and bacteriosteroids in fresh mushrooms can be converted into vitamin D under the action of sunlight, which is beneficial to the absorption of calcium.
Rape contains a lot of calcium, and when fried with shiitake mushrooms, vitamin D can promote the absorption of calcium, and the effect of calcium supplementation is stronger.
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Pleurotus eryngii-stomach-nourishing
Pleurotus eryngii is named for its aroma of almonds and the taste of abalone.
Pleurotus eryngii has 8 kinds of amino acids necessary for human body, which is extremely nutritious. And its rich protein, carbohydrates and dietary fiber can also nourish the intestines and have the effect of moistening the intestines and laxative.
In addition, as a special immunomodulator, Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide can stimulate the formation of antibodies, enhance human immunity, and exert anti-cancer effects.
is suitable for the crowd: it can be eaten by most people, especially for cardiovascular patients.
Note: Those who are allergic to mushrooms should eat with caution.
The best match: Pleurotus eryngii + beef
Pleurotus eryngii has tender meat, rich flavor, rich in protein, minerals and dietary fiber. Beef is rich in protein, B vitamins, iron and other nutrients, when matched with Pleurotus eryngii, nutrition is more reasonable.
In addition, the dietary fiber in Pleurotus eryngii can help the cholesterol in meat to be excreted from the body, thereby reducing the harm of saturated fatty acids to the human body.
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Flammulina velutipes-brain health
Chinese medicine believes that Flammulina velutipes is cold in nature, sweet and salty, and has the effects of nourishing the liver, benefiting the stomach, and anti-cancer.
Modern nutrition believes that Flammulina velutipes contains more essential amino acids and contains high zinc content, which is of great benefit to enhancing children's intelligence.
In addition, Flammulina velutipes also contains a substance called simple mushroom, which can enhance the body's anti-cancer ability. Regular consumption of Flammulina velutipes can also lower cholesterol and prevent liver disease and gastrointestinal ulcers.
is suitable for the crowd: all ages can eat.
Note: People with spleen and stomach deficiency and chronic diarrhea should eat less; patients with arthritis and lupus erythematosus should eat with caution.
Best match: Enoki mushroom + fish
Like enoki, fish also has a "puzzle" function. The protein rich in fish and the omega 3 fatty acids and other nutrients help brain development.
Therefore, the combination of the two is very suitable for developing adolescents and brain workers.
Note: Flammulina must be cooked, otherwise it will cause food poisoning.
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Mushroom bisporus-zinc supplement
Mushroom bisporus is native to Europe and North America. Its nutritional value is 4 to 12 times that of vegetables and fruits, and enjoys the reputation of "the king of vegetarians".
Chinese medicine believes that Agaricus bisporus is sweet in taste and flat in nature, can help digestion, lower blood pressure, and has the effects of nourishing the spleen, nourishing the lungs, regulating qi and reducing phlegm.
In addition, Agaricus bisporus has a certain immune effect on viral diseases. The mushroom polysaccharides and foreign proteins contained in it have certain anti-cancer activity and can inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors.
suitable for the crowd: most people can eat.
The best match: Agaricus bisporus + Choy Sum
Mushroom bisporus contains higher zinc content. Zinc is a very important trace element needed by the human body. Zinc deficiency in children affects growth and development, and zinc deficiency in adults will cause physiological disorders.
is delicious and can be cooked with the light heart of the cabbage. The taste is very refreshing.
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Tea tree mushroom-protecting the heart and brain
Tea tree mushroom is rich in 8 essential amino acids and glucans that cannot be synthesized by the human body. It is an ideal food for patients with hypertension, cardiovascular and obesity.
contains columnar Agrocybe polysaccharide, active protein component Yt and columnar Agrocybe lectin and other active ingredients with anti-tumor activity.
is suitable for the crowd: it is suitable for ordinary people, especially for patients with hypertension, cardiovascular and obesity.
is the best match: tea tree mushroom + chicken
Compared with pork and beef, chicken contains higher arginine. This substance can help clear blood vessel plaque, expand blood vessels, and help regulate blood pressure.
chicken with tea tree mushroom is very suitable for people with high blood pressure.
Although tea tree mushroom contains peptides that help lower blood pressure, normal people's consumption of proper amount of tea tree mushroom will not cause hypotension.
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Coprinus comatus-enhance immunity
Coprinus comatus is named for its shape like a chicken leg, meat quality and meat taste like shredded chicken.
Chinese medicine believes that it has the effects of improving immunity, laxative, soothing the nerves, reducing blood sugar and reducing thirst.
contains Coprinus comatus polysaccharides, biologically active protein, coprinusins, phenols, etc., which have many functions such as anti-oxidation and assisting in lowering blood sugar. It is a "new star in bacteria".
suitable for the crowd: most people can eat.
Note: Use with caution in patients with gout.
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Hericium erinaceus-help digestion
Hericium erinaceus, also called Hericium erinaceus, is named after its shape resembling hericium. It is a traditional Chinese expensive dish.
Chinese medicine believes that it is sweet in taste, flat in nature, has the functions of replenishing the spleen and qi, and helping digestion.
contains polysaccharides, peptides and fatty substances, which can inhibit the synthesis of genetic material in cancer cells, thereby preventing and treating digestive tract cancer and other malignant tumors.
suitable for the crowd: suitable for all ages. People with cardiovascular disease, digestive system disease and people with cough and asthma can eat it. 5-10 grams each time.
The best match: Hericium erinaceus + tofu
Hericium erinaceus is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which can reduce the body's cholesterol and triglyceride content, regulate blood lipids, and is also rich in amino acids and polysaccharides, which can promote digestion.
tofu is rich in high-quality protein and calcium, and has a smooth taste. In terms of therapeutic effects, the combination of the two can strengthen the spleen and stomach, increase appetite, and is especially suitable for people with poor appetite.
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Straw mushrooms-detoxification
Straw mushrooms have the highest vitamin C content in mushrooms, and have a strong detoxification effect. They can combine with harmful substances such as lead, arsenic and benzene that sneak into the human body, so that they can be excreted with urine and urine, and can slow down The gastrointestinal absorption of carbohydrates is a "benefit friend" for diabetic patients.
Best match: Straw mushroom + chicken
Chicken is rich in high-quality protein and is a nourishing product. When stewed with straw mushrooms, it will release free sodium glutamate and make the taste more delicious. They also have complementary effects in nutrition. .
There is a kind of mushroom that cannot be eaten.
mushrooms are rich in nutrients, but there is one kind of mushroom that you should never try. That is-wild mushrooms, especially wild mushrooms you don't know, it is best not to touch them!
Spring is here, and many people like to go to the suburbs to pick wild mushrooms for early adopters. Therefore, every year, many people are "put down" by this "fresh".
These "drug eaters" are mostly confident in their ability and experience to identify mushrooms, but in fact, the "proud" method of mushroom identification by folk people is mostly a misunderstanding.
fatal misunderstandings List
misunderstanding one: mushrooms with maggots and bugs are not poisonous.
Misunderstanding 2: Poisonous mushrooms are boiled with silver utensils, rice, and garlic. The color becomes black and poisonous, and if it does not change, it is non-toxic.
Misunderstanding 3: Mushrooms that change color due to injury, muddy water and secretions are poisonous.
Misunderstanding 4: Mushrooms growing in damp/fecal areas are poisonous, and mushrooms growing in clean places such as under pine trees are non-toxic.
Misunderstanding 5: Brightly colored mushrooms are poisonous, while simple-looking mushrooms are non-toxic.
Misunderstanding 6: Dried mushrooms are non-toxic, fresh mushrooms are toxic.
We must know that there are more than 400 kinds of poisonous mushrooms reported in my country, among which more than 40 kinds of mushrooms are highly poisonous and can be fatal to humans.
Even professionals, when faced with all kinds of mushrooms, they have to go through multiple processes such as morphological observation, gene extraction, and molecular identification to complete the identification!
Moreover, the toxins in poisonous mushrooms are very complex, and the specific components are not very clear. A poisonous mushroom may have multiple toxins, and even the same kind of poisonous mushrooms may contain different toxins.
The clinical manifestations of mushroom poisoning are also diverse, and there are 8 common types: gastroenteritis, acute liver damage, neuropsychiatric, hemolysis, photosensitivity dermatitis, acute kidney damage, rhabdomyolysis And mixed type.
Because of this, the treatment of poisoning mushroom poisoning is very difficult. There are no specific antidote drugs. Only supportive therapies such as emetic, gastric lavage, and liver protection can be used, and the toxins are slowly discharged by the body's metabolic function.
2019, Zhejiang UniversityThe Intensive Care Unit of Run Run Run Run Run Run Hospital affiliated to the Medical College once admitted a patient who was poisoned by bolete. The patient
ate the boletus mushrooms sent by a friend from Yunnan, and was stupidly immersed in the hallucinations of "little people dancing". He was unconscious and spoke uncomfortable. The medical staff of
ICU took 3 days to perform gastric lavage, catharsis and blood purification on the patient many times before he was brought back from the ghost gate.
This thrilling "three-day tour of the villain" has left a profound lesson for this patient-for unfamiliar mushrooms, you must be careful to eat!
How to save yourself from mushroom poisoning?
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induce vomiting
Induce vomiting as soon as possible if the poisoned person is conscious. It can cause vomiting by picking the pharynx with fingers or pressing the base of the tongue with an appliance.
can be repeated many times, try to vomit the food in the stomach to reduce the absorption of toxins.
Seek medical attention immediately
go to a regular hospital for treatment immediately after poisoning. It is best to bring the remaining mushroom samples to identify the types of mushrooms, determine effective treatment measures and judge the prognosis.
Note: The various prescriptions and prescriptions involved in the article are for reference only and cannot be used as a prescription. Please do not try it blindly. This platform does not assume any responsibility for this!
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⊙ Responsible editor: Hong Sheng
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