Do you know which province the strongest earthquake in our country's history occurred in? How many people were killed in the earthquake? In this article, let's take a look at the tenth place: Tonghai County Earthquake, Yunnan, China. In the early morning of January 5, 1970, a 7.7-magnitude earthquake occurred in Yunnan, my country. The epicenter was Wuxing Village, Gaoda Township, Tonghai County. The earthquake intensity was 10, and the epicenter was 10 kilometers away from the ground. It affected as many as seven counties, including Eshan, Huaning, and Huaning, in addition to Tonghai, killing 15,621 people and injuring more than 32,000. More than 330,000 houses were destroyed, and a large number of livestock died. The direct economic loss was 3.84 billion yuan. This was the largest earthquake with the highest intensity and the most serious casualties in Yunnan in the last century. It was also a natural disaster that caused more than 10,000 casualties after the founding of New China and before the floods in the Yangtze River. attention, and put the earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation work on the agenda. Premier Zhou personally guided the relevant work on New Year's Eve.
ninth place: Gulang earthquake in Gansu
This earthquake occurred relatively early, at about 6:32 am on May 23, 1927, and the modern seismology community judged it as a magnitude 8 earthquake. According to the data, at the moment of the earthquake, the sky was filled with yellow sand, the smoke of the beacon was everywhere, the ground was cracked, black water flowed out of the surface, and the air was filled with toxic and irritating odors such as sulfur , which was also an important factor that led to the subsequent increase in the number of victims. factor. According to statistics, the earthquake killed more than 40,000 people, and the ancient city of Gulang was razed to the ground at the moment of the earthquake. Catholic churches were widely distributed in the Northwest at the time, and in the words of the surviving missionaries: "This is the scene before the end of the world".
8th place: Gansu Changmabao earthquake
1932 Dec. 25, around 10:4 a.m., a magnitude 7.6 earthquake struck the Changmabao area in Gansu, killing more than 70,000 people. At that time, the astronomical observatory in Xujiahui, Shanghai and the seismic station in Xishan, Beijing captured the earthquake for the first time. According to local historical records in Gansu, at the moment of the earthquake, the yellow wind raged, covering the sky and covering the sun, all the stones on the mountain fell, and the people were mourning all over the place. In addition, the earthquake also caused a corner of the impregnable Jiayuguan City Tower to collapse. This city defense fortress standing on the northwest border has not been hurt in the slightest after thousands of years of wind and rain. , can not help but feel very emotional. In addition, the Changmabao earthquake also brought strong and extensive aftershocks, which lasted for half a year, which is very rare.
No. 7: Wenxian Earthquake in Gansu
It is unfortunate that this earthquake still occurred in Gansu, my country. This important town in the northwest has indeed experienced many disasters and disasters in history. On May 12, the fifth year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, that is, July 1, 1879, a magnitude 8.0 earthquake occurred in Wenxian County, Gansu Province, with an intensity of 11. Because the time was too long and there was no good emergency response system for disaster relief at that time, the big earthquake suddenly appeared in the frontier, so there are not many first-hand historical materials preserved, but there is a poem that records the tragic scene of the big earthquake very well: "My brother's house was shaken to avoid the mountains, and the landslide was buried alive under the cliff. The husband was looking for his wife, his father was looking for his son, and the cries were loud and ignored every day. It is a pitiful state where more than 30,000 people live and die together." In these short verses, we can see the despair and tragic experiences of people in the earthquake. The modern seismological community believes that this earthquake was one of the largest earthquakes in the late Qing Dynasty, and the magnitude should not be less than 8.0 on the Richter scale.
sixth place: Sichuan Wenchuan Earthquake
This is a natural disaster that our contemporary Chinese have experienced and remembered the most, and it is also a major earthquake with the most serious casualties since the 20th century. At 14:28 on May 12, 2008, an earthquake measuring 8.0 on the Richter scale occurred in Yingxiu Town, Wenchuan County, Sichuan.Yes, it has also brought indelible great pain to our Chinese nation. As of June 3 of that year, the number of aftershocks caused by the Wenchuan earthquake exceeded 10,000. It was the most destructive earthquake after the founding of the People's Republic of China. 69,227 people were killed, 374,643 people were injured, 17,923 people were missing, and the direct economic loss amounted to 845.1 billion yuan. Since then, the country has devoted all its efforts to help the disaster-stricken areas to carry out post-disaster reconstruction, and the people in the disaster-stricken areas have also lived a brand-new life, hoping that a better life can heal the pain in their hearts.
Fifth place: Linfen earthquake in Shanxi
The earthquake occurred on the sixth day of April in the thirty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, which is May 18, 1695 in the Gregorian calendar in Linfen, Shanxi. It is the "Lu'an Earthquake". The existing first-hand historical material is the 20th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, that is, in 1815, a report submitted by Na Yanbao, who was the minister of the Ministry of Punishment at the time, after an on-site investigation, wrote: "Check the original volume of the Pingyang earthquake, a total of 28 disasters. Among the fourteen prefectures and counties that suffered the most damage, more than 52,600 people were killed by statistics.” This is the largest earthquake that occurred in Shanxi in the Qing Dynasty with the largest scale, the strongest intensity, and the widest number of victims. .
Fourth place: Hebei Tangshan Earthquake
At 3:42 am on July 28, 1976, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake occurred in Tangshan City, Hebei Province, with an intensity of 11. On the same day, Luan County, not far from Tangshan City, also A 7.1-magnitude earthquake occurred, and the two earthquakes combined caused huge damage. In view of the fact that at that time, Tangshan was an important heavy industry and energy base in North my country, with a dense population and a developed economy, and the earthquake occurred in the early hours of the morning, causing huge casualties and property losses. According to statistics, the Tangshan earthquake and its aftershocks caused a total of 240,000 deaths and 160,000 injuries, making it one of the deadliest earthquakes in my country and even the world in the 20th century.
In addition to Hebei Province, as many as 14 provinces and cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Henan, and Inner Mongolia felt the tremor, and the radius of Pihuai reached 250 kilometers. After the earthquake, a ground rift with a length of 8 kilometers and a width of 30 meters was formed. This earthquake has put forward new requirements for my country's earthquake prevention and disaster reduction work, and relevant state departments have made new adjustments from detection and early warning to emergency response. The third place in
: The Ningxia Haiyuan earthquake
occurred at around 20:5 on December 16, 1920. The epicenter was located in Haiyuan County, Ning County, with a magnitude of 8.5, an intensity of 12 degrees, and a focal depth of 17 kilometers. The earthquake killed 240,000 people, wiped out four northwestern cities, and severely damaged dozens of cities, affecting 17 cities including Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Henan, Shaanxi and even Shanghai and Fujian. Provinces and regions have a sensed area of 2.51 million square kilometers. Think about how big China is in total? The power of this earthquake is evident.
In addition, the horror of this earthquake is that it triggered the largest natural disaster of earthquake and landslide in modern times, resulting in the displacement of mountains and rivers. After the earthquake, my country began the first observation and research on earthquakes with the help of modern tools, which also promoted the development of related disciplines in my country's seismology. From this point of view, the Haiyuan earthquake is an epoch-making event in the history of earthquakes in my country. meaningful. Of course, we still hope that such a huge natural disaster will not happen in the future, and everyone can be safe.
Second place: Shaanxi Huaxian Earthquake
This earthquake occurred in Ming Dynasty Jiajing 34th December 12th, which is January 23rd in 1556 AD, so it is called "Jiajing Great Earthquake" in history. earthquake". The earthquake affected more than 130 counties in eleven provinces including Shaanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Gansu, Shandong, and Jiangsu. Some of the county towns were directly reduced to ruins at the moment of the earthquake; Going underground, according to historical records, the earthquake killed more than 830,000 people. Due to the limited productivity and science and technology at that time, I believe that there are countless people who lost their lives without statistics and reports. The largest earthquake recorded with the highest number of casualties. Friends who are interested in this, or want to know the specific detailsFriends, you can read historical materials such as "History of the Ming Dynasty, Five Elements" and "Longqing, Huazhou Chronicle".
No. 1: Shanxi Hongdong Earthquake
This is also the oldest one of the "Top Ten Earthquakes" with the most serious casualties in the history of earthquakes in my country. According to historical records, this earthquake occurred on the sixth day of the eighth month in the seventh year of the Yuan Dynasty. On September 17, 1303, the epicenter was in Zhaocheng, Hongdong, Shanxi Province. In the words of history books, at the moment of the earthquake, "the residential and official buildings were gone", "the mountains were destroyed and the Fu moved furiously for several miles", "the landscape of mountains and rivers was changed", and "more than 200,000 people were injured or killed". Therefore, this is also a major earthquake with the strongest intensity, the heaviest damage, the huge casualties and the widest spread in the history of our country. According to the estimates of modern scholars, the magnitude of the Hongdong earthquake should be no less than 8. Although nearly a thousand years have passed, the relevant descriptions and records of the great earthquake can be easily seen in the monuments and stone tablets all over Shanxi. It can be seen how much harm and shock this catastrophe brought to the people of Shanxi. ! Well, let's talk about it here today. Which of the ten major earthquakes that occurred in my country above have you heard of? Do you know of the most destructive super-earthquakes?
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