Dahe News·Yu Video Reporter Lin Hui
According to news from Brazil Global Network on December 29, local time, the well-known Brazilian athlete and "ball king" Pele died at the age of 82.
According to reports, in September 2021, Bailey was found to have bowel cancer during a routine physical examination in the hospital and underwent a tumor resection. Afterwards, the cancer cells spread and he was admitted to the hospital twice, but the cancer cells had spread to the lungs and could not be operated on. Tumor removal, only chemotherapy.
So, what are the early symptoms of bowel cancer? Can bowel cancer be prevented? How to treat it?
Dahe Daily Henan Video reporter interviewed Dr. Chen Xiaobing, director of China Anti-Cancer Association , standing member of the Professional Committee of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of China Anti-Cancer Association, deputy director of internal medicine and director of the second digestive ward of Henan Cancer Hospital.
The incidence of colorectal cancer tends to be younger
"Colorectal cancer is the abbreviation of colorectal cancer, and it is a typical 'disease of wealth', which is related to people's living conditions and diet." People's diet structure is changing towards "three highs and one low", and the incidence of colorectal cancer is on the rise, and it has become a high-incidence cancer in my country. The onset age of colorectal cancer in my country is about 45 years old, which is 15 years younger than that of European and American countries.
In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer has become younger. Clinically, the proportion of young white-collar workers under the age of 30 suffering from colorectal cancer has gradually increased, accounting for about 10% of the total prevalence.
Chen Xiaobing said that, on the one hand, this is due to the diet structure of high fat, high protein , high calorie and low fiber "three highs and one low", which makes young people lack dietary fiber that helps digest and decompose fat; On the other hand, sedentary work and study slow down intestinal peristalsis, prolong the residence time of toxins in the intestinal tract, increase the chance of carcinogens coming into contact with the intestinal tract, and increase the risk of colorectal cancer.
Beware of the five signs of colorectal cancer
Chen Xiaobing said that although the early symptoms of colorectal cancer are not obvious, if these five signs appear, patients should pay more attention and go to a regular hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time.
1, bloody stool . The cause of blood in stool is mainly caused by friction between stool and tumor surface. In mild cases, only the fecal occult blood test is positive; in severe cases, there may be mucus and blood in the stool, mucus pus and blood in the stool, or pure blood in the stool. When it manifests as mucus and blood in the stool or mucus pus and blood, it is often misdiagnosed as dysentery and treatment is delayed; when it appears as pure blood in the stool, it is likely to be mistaken for hemorrhoid bleeding, which delays the timing of seeing a doctor.
2. Changes in bowel habits. Diarrhea, constipation, or alternating diarrhea and constipation may occur in the early stage. Progressive constipation occurs as the tumor continues to grow, leading to strictures in the bowel lumen. In addition to frequent defecation, patients with rectal cancer also have a feeling of incomplete defecation. It first occurs after getting up in the morning, and gradually increases, several times or more than 10 times a day, and even defecates several times at night.
3, abdominal pain, abdominal distension and discomfort. As the tumor continues to grow, some patients may experience abdominal pain and discomfort, often dull pain and discomfort, but may have no gastrointestinal symptoms.
4, anemia . Tumor growth requires a large blood supply. Therefore, as the tumor grows gradually, patients may experience varying degrees of anemia.
5, abdominal mass. In 60% to 70% of patients in the middle and late stages, a hard mass can be touched in the right middle abdomen, which also suggests a possible sign of colon cancer on the right side.
Perform colonoscopy every 5 years
Colorectal cancer is preventable and curable. The key to prevention lies in diet and exercise, and the key to cure lies in early detection.
“It is recommended that everyone actively participate incolorectal cancer screening.” Chen Xiaobing said, over 50 years old, history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer, chronic enteritis, long-term drinking or high-fat diet, long-term sitting work High-risk groups who lack exercise must undergo colonoscopy every 5 years, fecal occult blood test and anal digital examination once a year. "If intestinal polyps are found, must be highly valued. Because it takes about 3 to 5 years for polyps to become cancerous. If the cancer can be treated before it becomes cancerous, it can effectively prevent the tumor.”
Gastric cancer, intestinal cancer, esophageal cancer, don’t rush to have surgery
Many esophageal cancers, gastric cancers, rectal cancersCancer patients, after chest, upper abdomen enhanced CT and pelvic enhanced CT or MRI, endoscopic ultrasonography and other examinations, it is found that there is obvious lymph node metastasis, and the next step is to operate immediately?
"The answer is no." Chen Xiaobing believes that "sandwich" therapy is the first choice for the treatment of locally advanced gastrointestinal cancer.
According to the latest international research progress, patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and rectal cancer with lymph node metastasis should undergo chemotherapy or/and radiotherapy before surgery, then undergo radical surgery, and then give appropriate chemotherapy after surgery, which is the best treatment mode. This method of treating locally advanced gastrointestinal cancer is vividly called "sandwich" therapy.
"Such a comprehensive treatment mode can not only increase the rate of surgical resection, reduce the rate of local recurrence and distant metastasis, but also improve the postoperative survival rate of patients, prolong the survival time of patients, and improve the cure rate, especially for locally advanced rectal cancer The curative effect is far better than traditional simple surgery or direct surgery.” Chen Xiaobing said, but unfortunately, in the clinical treatment of many primary hospitals , general hospitals and even some specialized hospitals , some esophageal cancers are often found , Stomach cancer or rectal cancer patients, after gastroscopy or colonoscopy are diagnosed with cancer, direct surgical resection, the treatment effect is very unsatisfactory.
Cancer prevention and treatment 40-word formula please keep in mind
"Most what doctors can do is not to cure, but to relieve pain. The focus is on prevention, and to achieve early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment." Chen Xiaobing said, primary prevention depends on patients For yourself, change your lifestyle, change your diet, travel, etc.
Chen Xiaobing gave everyone four "prescriptions for cancer prevention": the first prescription is on diet, and the use of serving chopsticks should be promoted to prevent Helicobacter pylori infection; the second prescription is on exercise, and you should pay attention to moderate exercise; The third prescription is to quit smoking and limit alcohol. The fourth prescription is to maintain a balanced mind and be more mindful. Pay attention to adequate sleep, long-term sleep less than 6 hours is prone to cancer. Also pay attention to regular physical examination, here is the anti-cancer physical examination.
"The cancer word for cancer has three mouthfuls: overeating, overdrinking, and smoking." Chen Xiaobing further explained that cancer prevention advocates eating less and more meals, less salt and more light, less old and more fresh, less hard and more soft, and less meat More vegetarian, less alcohol and more tea, less fried and more stewed, less scalded and more warm, less smoked and more fried, less sugar and more honey, no smoking, eating processed meat products, mildewed food, taboo partial eclipse and overeating, wolfing down and eating unclean melons and fruits. Stay away from junk food and eat more bitter, sour, vegetarian, fresh and light food.
Finally, Chen Xiaobing expounded his 40-character formula for cancer prevention and treatment: reasonable diet, moderate exercise, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, balanced mentality, adequate sleep, regular physical examination, infection control, vaccine priority, beautification of the environment, green water and green mountains.
