Recently, the famous writer Mo Yan came to Zibo, Shandong Province. After appreciating the five-note opera "Daiyu Buried Flowers", "Wang Xiaochangjiao", "Seed Flowers", "Heroic Iron Mountain" and other arias, he said that he "still hasn't finished what he meant, and still hasn't finished speaking." Exhausted". What is the charm of Wuyin Opera that Mo Yan likes?
Picture source: WeChat public account "Cultural Zibo"
The Fresh Cherry Memorial Hall that Mo Yan visited at the Wuyin Opera Art Inheritance and Protection Center in Zibo was named after the Wuyin Opera performing artist Deng Hongshan (stage name Fresh Cherry). Deng Hongshan has been famous since the 1930s. He was called "Shandong Mei Lanfang" by Chairman Mao Zedong for his beautiful singing, vivid and humorous language and simple and delicate performances.
The reason why Wuyin Opera got its name is also related to Deng Hongshan. He is the founder of Wuyin Opera and the first director of Zibo Wuyin Theater, the predecessor of Zibo Wuyin Theater. In 1935, when Deng Hongshan led the "five-person team" to Shanghai EMI Records to record records, Shanghai EMI presented the four-character banner of "Five-tone Master", and Wuyin Opera got its current name. He also excavated and compiled a large number of traditional five-note opera repertoire, such as "Wang Xiao Chao Ji", "Wai Mo Zi", "Wang Er Jie Misses Her Husband", "Cai Lou Ji", "Twins Catch a Boat", "In-laws Talk Back", etc. These plays have been performed for a long time. Never fade. He also trained a large number of outstanding five-yin opera artists, represented by Huo Junping and Lu Fengqin, who made outstanding contributions to the promotion and development of the five-yin opera art.
Old photos of Deng Hongshan
In Shandong, a fertile land for humanity, Wuyin Opera, as a unique form of opera, is intertwined with Qi culture to form a colorful picture. Wuyin Opera originated in Zhangqiu, spread in Jinan, and flourished in Zibo. It can be traced back to the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and has a history of hundreds of years.
As a unique opera art in Shandong, Wuyin Opera embodies Shandong’s humanistic spirit and cultural tradition. The development of Wuyin Opera has gone through four periods: Yangko Opera, Zhou Guzi Opera, Zashe Opera and Wuyin Opera. In terms of singing style, Wuyin Opera has a melodious and charming singing style with distinctive Shandong local characteristics. It is known as the "Northern Yue Opera" . Most of the repertoires of Wuyin Opera are based on family ethics and the living conditions of local women. Folk stories and life scenes from Shandong can be seen in traditional repertoires such as "Wang Xiaoer Rushes to Work" and "Wang Erjie Misses Her Husband". "Touwu" (morning), "Shangfan" (lunch), "busy with needlework" (busy with work), "unsettled when picking up and picking things up" (unsettled in mind), etc., the use of these natural and simple dialects, It also makes Wuyin Opera full of rich local cultural characteristics.
Wuyin Opera carries the cultural heritage and historical memory of Shandong and has become an indispensable art form. There is a record of Shandong's "Girls' Tune" in the manuscript "Legend of Bo Zhonglian" written during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Shengzhen wrote in his "Baixi Zhuzhi Ci" that "Singing girls, Qi opera, also known as girl tune, is based on the suona festival. Therefore, at the end of the song, it must circle around the scene to achieve its full potential." This also proves that Wuyin opera is inextricably linked to Qi culture.
It draws materials from people's lives and explores people's emotional world. What people love most about Wuyin Opera is that it is down-to-earth and entertaining and can resonate with the audience. For example, in Wuyin Opera, the frequently performed traditional opera repertoire "Gua Mo Zi" tells the story of Li Mao, an expert in making tofu, and his wife, who rush to make tofu overnight. While grinding, making fire, and pressing tofu, the two happily sang funny songs. There was singing and talking in the middle, and the lyrics also included sharing and harmony. ...I felt so good after getting a good deal, and I was bleating, coughing, and wailing." The down-to-earth lyrics are full of tacit understanding between husband and wife and the joy of labor, showing the pure and simple life interest of working people.
In 2006, Wuyin Opera was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists, further confirming the important status of Wuyin Opera. Recently, "Fresh Cherry 1935 Vinyl Record" was also selected into the fourth batch of Shandong Province's list of precious archives and document heritage.
Wuyin Opera has a unique artistic style and profound culture. The repertoire has complex plots and character relationships. To appreciate its charm, you often need to watch it multiple times, because different repertoires and different performance styles will bring different feelings to people. It’s no wonder that the writer Mo Yan sighed with emotion after listening to it, “I still haven’t finished it yet.”
(Dazhong Daily·Dazhong News Client reporter Song Shuo)
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