: The story of the self-talking president
, starting with this huge concrete dome.
It is 115 meters in diameter, and its surface is covered by 358 pieces of cement armor half a meter thick.
It is located in the Pacific Ocean, 3400 kilometers from Japan and 7800 kilometers from the United States.
It was originally a beautiful coral atoll around it, but in the mouth of the locals, it was an unlucky death zone, called - The tomb.
Locals say that the monster in the grave is not dead, and all the horror stories are still happening.
70 years ago, why did directors imagine such terrifying monsters as Godzilla?
Today, let's talk about the story behind this.
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1946·Bikini Atoll
Time back in 1946, Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, an American military officer was describing the beautiful promised land, he told the aboriginal people in front of him that the United States had prepared a The new home, 230 kilometers away, is called Rongerik Atoll, and like their Bikini Atoll, it is a beautiful hideaway.
Two years ago, the U.S. military just drove the Japanese away from here, so the islanders trust Americans very much. The American officer was saying that for the sake of world peace, you still need to make a little sacrifice - temporarily move Guys, when the US military has completed the latest experiment on Bikini Atoll, there will be no more Japanese to enslave you, and there will be no more wars in the world.
The islanders here are the same as the Easter Island islanders we talked about in the last issue. They are all descendants of the sea tribe who started from the coast of East Asia five or six thousand years ago. They have lived here for thousands of years, driving traditional In a catamaran canoe, the island and the island communicate with each other, just like living in paradise.
Now, they all support the work of the Americans and voluntarily moved out of Bikini Atoll, but no one can imagine that what awaits them next will be the most ruthless fate...
Because the so-called experiment of the Americans will be 23 new types of weapons, 20 of which are hydrogen bombs ...
But the world is so big, why did Americans choose this island?
There are about three reasons:
first, it is far from the mainland of the United States, After Japan surrendered , United Nations intentionally hosted more than 2,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean to the United States, so the United States conducted experiments here, there is a certain legality It is considered to be a territory temporarily under the jurisdiction of the United States;
Second, it is suitable for a large number of experiments. There are many natural deep-water ports on the flat islands and reefs, and large equipment can be directly transported here by sea. The flat terrain is also very suitable for monitoring the power of weapons;
Third, the marine environment here is also very consistent with the concept of weapon design, because, in the American illusion at that time, the nuclear weapon is very suitable for attacking the enemy fleet, just right, here The sea is open and the water depth is suitable, which is very suitable for testing the power of nuclear weapons to explode on the surface and underwater.
So Bikini Atoll was selected, along with the nearby Enewetak Atoll. In March 1946, all the nearby islanders were relocated, and the US military set up a Pacific nuclear test here. , the first batch of experimental code - Crossroads Operation (Operation Crossroads)
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Crossroads Operation
Three months later, 95 target ships assembled in Bikini Atoll, including two aircraft carriers , five battleship , four cruisers and 12 destroyers , 8 submarines , 60 transport ships, landing craft , and 3 tugboats.
has installed various detection instruments, and at the same time, there are more than 5,000 various animals and a large number of various insects fixed on the ship , they will be used to test the killing ability of nuclear radiation , and the extent to which nuclear radiation will affect genetic variation.
At the same time, three plutonium element atomic bombs are also ready for sample preparation, codenamed Gilada, Helen of Bikini and Charlie respectively;
Gilda is the ancient Heber In the source language , let the hill be my witness ([the] hill is [my] witness), Helen is the most beautiful goddess in ancient Greece, and Charlie is an ancient British urban legend - and we Similar to the pen fairy, it claims to be able to summon evil spirits.
Then, at 9 am on July 1, 1946, a B-29 bomber dropped Gilda bombs in the waters predetermined - the hills were my witness - as a result, only a small mushroom cloud rose over the sea , only 2 out of 95 target ships were sunk, and the explosion power was far lower than expected.
At that time, in order to show its strength, the United States invited mainstream media from all over the world to come to report, and even modified eight B-17 bombers as high-altitude photography platforms.
So, the U.S. military immediately prepared for the second test. On July 25, the preparations were completed. The Helen bomb was tested first. The Helen bomb was detonated underwater. At the same time, just in case, the Charlie bomb was also ready. .
At 8:35 in the morning, the mushroom cloud set off by Helen's bomb rushed to a height of several hundred meters. Eight B-17 high-altitude photography platforms recorded the picture you are seeing now, and what people all over the world saw 76 years ago. The picture is exactly the same, the shock level can be imagined.
Four days later, in Paris, France, a fashion designer named Louis Réard saw the news of bikinis in the newspaper, so he named his new three-point swimsuit Bikini, and said, Will be a fashion nuke.
It seems that Louie's prediction has come true. His nuclear bomb is more powerful than the US military's nuclear bomb. Today, we only remember the bikini swimsuit, and we have long forgotten the past - Bikini Atoll.
Then, the U.S. military was ready to continue to detonate the Charlie bomb. As a result, the global media did not see the explosion of the Charlie bomb. Why is this?
It turns out that behind this, there is also an urban legend about the core of the devil.
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Demon Core · Urban Legend
Some people say that there is an unlucky demon core installed in the Charlie bomb. We have shared this story before, probably to say that the first atomic bombs developed by the United States had a total of four. The first one was used for testing and exploded in the desert of , New Mexico, . The second, third and fourth were to bomb Hiroshima, Nagasaki and Niigata in Japan. However, before the fourth could be dropped, Japan has surrendered.
As a result, the fourth atomic bomb was sent back to the experiment to continue research. As a result, during the research process, its fuel core had two critical accidents, that is, it almost became a dirty bomb. The exploded, although this dirty bomb Explosions do not create mushroom clouds, however, dirty bombs emit radiation that is many times more severe than atomic bombs.
Fortunately, in these two critical accidents, there were two young scientists who were in a hurry and broke open the demon core with their hands, forcibly terminated the nuclear reaction , and avoided dirty bombs, but at the same time, these two scientists also Because of this, he suffered fatal nuclear radiation and passed away...
Originally, the US military wanted to explode the Charlie bomb with the devil core in the bikini, but no one saw the mushroom cloud of Charlie's bomb at the scene, so , will some people guess that this unlucky demon core had a third critical accident and turned into a dirty bomb in Bikini Atoll?
is still the same as the news reported by the US military, saying that the Charlie bomb has been poisoned by neutrons because of two critical accidents before, so this is the case.The second detonation did not succeed?
Regardless of the urban legends, in short, the US military completely melted the demon core and never tried to repair or detonate it again.
Continue to read the story of the test site. On August 3rd, Stafford Leak Warren, the scientist in charge of radiation monitoring of the Crossroads operation, suddenly shouted loudly that the radiation has seriously exceeded the standard, and it has exceeded the standard. Please stop cleaning the target immediately. Ship, please evacuate immediately, but at this time, the superior did not pay attention to Warren's warning, and the sailors were still cleaning the deck with enthusiasm. It was later confirmed that at this time, the radiation had contaminated the skin, clothes and even the lungs of the sailors. When the sailors returned to the support ship to take a shower and change their clothes, the radiation continued to contaminate 150 support ships. In the end, these pollutants were taken by these 150 support ships to all over the world...
Let's look at the atoll islanders 230 kilometers away. What stories are they going through in their so-called new homes?
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The Promised Land
It turns out that this is not the promised land at all. On the Rongerik Atoll, the trees are sparse, the land is barren, and even the surrounding corals are cursed poisonous corals , This is a description of ciguatera poisoning by local people. We shared it in the grouper program. Almost all coral reef fish contain a certain amount of ciguatera toxin. This is because there is a poisonous bacteria in the coral. , caused by the passage of bacteria layer by layer in the food chain.
Therefore, these relocated islanders are actually enduring an unimaginable famine, the land is barren, their crops are greatly reduced, they want to go fishing, and they face the fatal risk of cigar poisoning. The strong wind on the island or destroying their houses over and over again, and what is even worse is that there is no lagoon on the island, and even the supply of fresh water has become an unsecured problem...
In January 1948, experts have already issued a warning, Lange There is a famine on Rick Island, and the islanders are already skinny and malnourished. The authorities should pay attention to it immediately. Although the US military paid attention and relocated some of them to Gili Island, Gili Island has only ten of the original Bikini Atoll. There is no ecosystem that can support so many people. Therefore, they can only survive on imported food for a long time, but they did not complain, but patiently asked the US military, is the experiment over? Can we go back to bikinis?
The U.S. military told them that the experiment was about to end, but for their safety, after the experiment was over, the island needed to undergo some necessary disinfection...
In 2017, an investigative reporter went deep into the area, and they interviewed one, Jack Niedenthal, a member of the Red Cross who has worked there for more than 30 years, said that in his opinion, the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was actually fought on the Bikini Coast.
At that time, Bikini Atoll and Enewetak Atoll, the once heavenly homes of these two islanders, have actually become the so-called Pacific nuclear test sites of the US military. The nuclear explosion test on the ground has never stopped, because the Soviet Union's pursuit is getting closer and closer.
This U.S.-Soviet hegemony started before the U.S. military selected a bikini. It was 1945, and the World War II hadn't ended yet. In July, the U.S. army successfully detonated a human in the desert of New Mexico. The first atomic bomb in history, the father of the atomic bomb - Oppenheimer recited the sentence from the ancient Indian epic "Bhagavad Gita" - Now I am become Death, the destroyer of the world. Death, the destroyer of worlds.), and almost at the same time, a cross-section of the bomb was sent to the Kremlin by Soviet spies.
Then, three weeks later, two atomic bombs exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. The whole world saw the power of atomic bombs. World War II was over, and the US and Soviet Union also clearly realized that a nuclear race was inevitable. also havehas been expanded.
Time came to 1953 in a blink of an eye. News came from the Soviet Union that their first weaponized hydrogen bomb had been successfully tested. Bikini explodes its own hydrogen bomb.
Among them, the most powerful one is called Castle Bravo.
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Cheers Castle
Cheer Castle is installed in a cylindrical structure with a length of 4 meters 56 and a width of 1 meter 37, and weighs 10.7 tons.
After scientists' calculations, its explosion equivalent is about 5 million tons, which is equivalent to the power of 300 Hiroshima atomic bombs.
So, the experts demarcated the dangerous area according to this equivalent, and then the US military cleared the field and prepared to detonate.
On this day, March 1, 1954, a Japanese fishing boat approached the warning waters, and they were tracking the tuna group, called the Fifth Fukuryu Maru.
At 6:45 in the morning there was a sudden flash of light from the horizon, followed by a long period of white, brighter than the sun, a crew member mentioned in his diary that there were nine minutes, followed by a white world superimposed with rumbling rumblings The roar is like an avalanche, but the work has to continue...
Not long after, the white color gradually faded, and the fishermen who were pulling their nets found that there was snow in the sky. In March, the tropical Pacific never snowed, and the captain subconsciously Feeling the danger, he ordered to close the net and return immediately.
But unfortunately, this net was so many and heavy that it took more than six hours to close the net.
When the ship left, the snowflakes had already spread a thin layer on the deck, and a sailor named Daishi Yuqi also licked these strange snowflakes, how could they not melt?
That night, the crew began to experience various symptoms of nausea, headaches and persistent diarrhea, and their eyes began to turn red. Some people realized that the snowflakes might be at fault, and the crew began to clean up the snowflakes and rushed back to Japan.
On March 14th, the fifth Fukuryu Maru returned to Japan's Yaizu Port. The crew members had small blisters like burns on their bodies, their faces were black, and their hair fell out. The young people received simple treatment at Yaizu Hospital. After returning home, several seriously ill patients were transferred to Tokyo for examination.
At that time, a doctor in Yaizu said that it was very similar to the radiation sickness after the nuclear explosion. However, Dr. Yaizu's suspicion was not taken seriously. The tuna from the fifth Fukuryu Maru was also wholesaled to Tsukiji Market ready to go on sale...
why?
How can the Japanese be so careless?
In fact, this may be because the Japanese media was controlled by the US military for a long time after the war. Some declassified documents show that the US military banned the Japanese media from talking about nuclear radiation and nuclear weapons at that time. Therefore, the fifth Fukuryu Maru was in Yaizu. It didn't get enough attention.
But fortunately, the test results of those transferred patients in Kyoto Hospital came out soon - it was radiation sickness, so the authorities hurriedly detected the snowflakes left on the crew's clothes, and it turned out to be deadly radioactive, which is the result of a nuclear explosion. The radiation dust of the hull is detected again. It is even 30 meters away, and the radiation dose of the hull has exceeded the safety standard.
This incident was finally reported, and the tuna at Tsukiji Market was also detected, recovered and destroyed overnight. There is still a sign in the place where the tuna was destroyed. It turned out that there were more than 850 ships at that time, and more than 460 tons were recovered. All kinds of fish have been detected nuclear contamination . The incident of
made all Japan dare not speak out. At that time, Japanese film companies were planning a monster disaster film similar to the American movie " King Kong ", so young Japanese directors combined the fifth The Fulong Maru incident created a new nuclear radiation monster, Gojira, which is a combination of Japanese gorilla and whale (gorira+kujira).
In 1954, when the original Godzilla appeared, it was a monster that was mutated by nuclear radiation on the seabed...
Why does Godzilla breathe fire? Why is Godzilla's skin covered with tumors?
It is said that the inspiration for the fire-breathing came from those snowflake samples brought back by the Fifth Fukuryu Maru, which were later called by the Japanese - the ash of death (dead ash)
and Godzilla's tumor skin is a hint of those How the radiation poisoned crew looked before they died...
That's the source of Godzilla's horror.
In 1976, the thoroughly sterilized No. 5 Fukuryu Maru began to be exhibited in Tokyo. You can still find this museum in Tokyo, which contains the hull of No. 5 Fukuryu Maru and the diaries of the crew. And those dead ashes samples...
But there is still one question that has not been answered, that is, how could the No. 5 Fulong Maru be exposed to such serious nuclear radiation outside the dangerous area designated by the US military? Is
just those six hours delayed by trawling?
is obviously not. Later, with the decryption of the files, the original situation was restored...
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The real situation
Cheers Castle is a hydrogen bomb with a lithium deuterium core installed.
At that time, the scientists who designed the bomb believed that the lithium 7 in the core did not participate in the reaction, and only lithium 6 would release energy. Therefore, they designed a core ratio of 40% lithium 6 and 60% lithium 7, and then based on this ratio Calculated, the bomb's yield is roughly equivalent to 300 Hiroshima atomic bombs.
However, when the bomb was detonated, seeing the mushroom cloud rushing up to the altitude of thousands of meters, the sky and the earth turned blood red, only then did the experts realize - it's over, the calculation is wrong - where are the 300 Hiroshima atomic bombs, the later Monitoring data show that this explosion is equivalent to about 1,000 Hiroshima atomic bombs.
That's it, the whole bikini area began to snow, the wind was blowing eastward, and snowflakes fell to the homes of the surrounding islanders. Like the Japanese, they didn't know what it was. Some people said, maybe, after this game Snow, we can go home now.
But in fact, when the dust settled, a giant lake with a width of 2000 meters and a depth of 80 meters appeared on Bikini Atoll, two small islands disappeared, and the temperature at the center of the explosion exceeded 55000 ℃, which is ten times the temperature of the surface of the sun. times.
Later, the islanders who suffered from radiation poisoning were taken by the US military to Chicago for medical treatment, but just like the nuclear stories we talked about earlier - nuclear radiation is countless small bombs, and they have been put into human cells. The DNA of the DNA were all shattered, no matter at that time or now, humans could not treat this disease at all...
In 1954, after the Chess Castle accident, although the official statement is still that the increase in the intensity of nuclear explosion does not mean the equivalent increase in nuclear radiation, But finally, there was a young genius who couldn't stand it anymore, his name was Józef Rotblat, Polish Jewish , before the outbreak of World War II, Brah conceived the idea of using nuclear fission in Poland to create a theoretical model of the atomic bomb. Immediately after
, with the outbreak of World War II and the fall of Poland, Bula also came to the United States and joined the Manhattan Project to help the United States manufacture atomic bombs.
But in the process of development, Bula increasingly felt that the weapon should not be made, so he dropped out of the plan and began to live a reclusive life.
Up to this point, Bula has been in seclusion for 10 years, but he suddenly stood up and spoke out. He used a paper to prove that the radioactive contamination of Cheer Castle is far greater than the official propaganda, at least 1000 times larger, and at the same time, Bula It has also publicly proposed that the world should ban nuclear tests in the atmosphere.
Subsequently, more and more scientists joined Brah's camp. In 1955, Brah, as the youngest signatory and initiator, jointly published the " Russell-Einstein Declaration ", calling for the prohibition of nuclear weapons. , for which Brah was awarded the 1995 NobelPeace Prize .
At the time, Brah's campaign to ban nuclear weapons was widely supported. By 1958, someone had a long list to condemn the U.S. military. A total of 67 million tons of nuclear weapons have been detonated near the atolls. On average, these small islands have been bombarded by a Hiroshima atomic bomb every day. For 12 years, there has been no interruption...
Under pressure, the US military stopped The nuclear test near Bikini told the local islanders, give us another 10 years, and we need to do some necessary disinfection work on the island.
10 years later, in 1968, the United States eradicated the seriously polluted topsoil on Bikini Atoll, and planted more than 50,000 coconut trees. The islanders have finally returned to Bikini Island, which still seems to be the original paradise.
But, with our current knowledge, there is no doubt that cancer will also be the most prevalent epidemic here.
After another 10 years, the islanders finally realized that their island was poisoned...
So, the angry islanders demanded that the United States must come forward to solve the problem, but how should the United States clean up the mess in front of it?
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1977·tropical vacation
The time came to 1977, and a story suddenly began to spread among the US military—that in the beautiful tropical Pacific, there was a resort that was 10,000 times more beautiful than Hawaii. It happens to be recruiting service members for 6 months, which is heaven compared to the marquee in the desert.
So, the U.S. military soon received thousands of registration lists. In the end, 4,000 young American soldiers were selected. His task was very simple - to go to the Pacific Ocean, to build on an atoll called Enewetak. Do a cement work. After
came to the island, the soldiers found that it was really a tropical paradise, and the work was not heavy. The boys worked happily on the island. They had to clean up a large lake on the island, and then put some sea boats The soil and rubbish that came in were dumped, and finally, a half-meter-thick concrete armor was built on top of this junkyard...
3 years later, in 1980, the project was completed, and the young soldiers returned to the United States, and they didn't until this time They are not aware of the dangers of their work. In
's 2017 reporter survey, a surviving veteran said that there was no advance radiation protection training, no supporting work manual, and even if there was protective clothing, it was all for the media to see.
Shortly after the soldiers left, the islanders on the original Enewetak Atoll were also notified that it was time to return home. The US military has helped them thoroughly disinfect the island.
But in fact, the U.S. military just buried 73,000 m³ of nuclear waste under the dome, some of which were scraped from Bikini Atoll, and some of which were harmful soil accumulated for many years in the Nevada nuclear test site... ...
From a high altitude, there is a lake next to the dome. They are a pair, both of which were craters left by the United States when it tested nuclear bombs here. Are domes like
really resistant to nuclear contamination?
was also the investigative reporter in 2017. He asked the lawyer who had been following the case all the year round. The lawyer just told the reporter that the nature of coral reefs is porous...
In 1986, the islanders near Bikini established their own country, and in the independence agreement , the U.S. government must pay $150 million as compensation.
Later, the international court ruled that the US must pay 2 billion US dollars in compensation, but according to the testimony of the US Congress, the US has only paid 4 million US dollars so far.
When all the islanders on the atoll left, they left behind the name of The tomb...
And the nuclear contamination in the tomb will last at least 24,000 years.
This is the Godzilla story that is happening, it was born in 1946 and was sealed by the US military to this tomb in 1980in the tomb.
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Last Alert
In 1982, a US government task force warned that the dome could rupture if a strong typhoon hit the island.
In 2013, the U.S. Department of Energy released another report that found that the dome had weathered and cracked.
In 2014, the island where the dome is located was listed as the same as Chernobyl and , a nuclear pollution area that is prohibited for humans to approach. However, due to the remoteness of the island, the local government simply cannot organize effective isolation measures. If you want , so far can freely enter and leave the island.
In 2022, as the sea level continues to rise, the sound of vigilance that the sea level will submerge the dome will come to our ears again. Experts predict that if submerged, tides and waves will easily destroy the dome, and then the pollutants inside will be destroyed. Going straight to the ocean...
So, is this really Godzilla's grave?
Well, today's story is shared here, thank you. The last lady of
said that in "SpongeBob SquarePants", the home of , the star , is a dome.
(finished)
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