In the feudal dynasties of ancient China, to ensure the smooth transfer of the throne, the highest power position, most emperors generally established an official crown prince before they were alive, and confirmed the emperor’s heir after death to officials and people across the country. This is a rule to avoid turmoil after the death of the old emperor due to the ownership of the throne.
Although it is said that there are quite a lot of throne ownership rights obtained through more bloody means, but under normal circumstances, the crown prince as the only legal heir to the throne is a rule that everyone must abide by, and most upper-level ruling parties will take the initiative to go. Defend this rule. As the heir to the highest power of the dynasty, the crown prince
will certainly not be smooth sailing. Ancient Chinese emperors have no shortage of women. Women have more sons. Naturally, there is fierce competition for the throne, the biggest inheritance behind the emperor. Brothers of
struggle with life and death, play tricks with each other, and even between father and son because of their reluctance to power, these have never been uncommon in the struggle for the throne in Chinese history. Therefore, the degree of danger of the occupation of the crown prince is not lower than that of the emperor. The crown prince
will fall into crisis from the beginning of the official canonization. It is not easy to survive the crown prince period and succeed in succession, especially for many emperors with a longer life span. The crown prince he canonized may have to Twenty years, thirty years or even longer in various conspiracies and suspicions. Maybe life is not easy, but it is a victory to survive, and it is even more pity that there are many who have not survived for decades.
This article selects five people who have served as the crown prince for a long time from the historical records, and five people who have succeeded and those who have not succeeded are selected for readers' reference.
The five crown princes who have been canonized for the longest time and succeeded to the throne
1, Tang Shunzong Li Song: The eldest son of Li Shi of Tang Dezong, was registered as the crown prince in 779, and he got his head in 805 and succeeded to the throne after the death of Tang Dezong. emperor. The prince who has been a prince for 26 years has not been abolished. It is not easy for the prince of the Tang Dynasty to do it. The royal family of the Li family has the genes for a coup d’état since the ancestor Li Shimin. He is very lucky.
But his luck ends here. The replacement of the throne in the late Tang Dynasty is in the hands of the eunuch group. Li Song only spent a few months as the emperor, and under the pressure of the eunuchs, he gave his son the throne and died within half a year. Up.
2, Emperor Huidi Sima Zhong of Jin Dynasty: The second son of the founding emperor Sima Yan of the Jin Dynasty, the second son of Empress Yang Yan, Sima Zhong had a mother brother who died early, so he became the eldest son. He was canonized as a crown prince in 267 AD, and succeeded to the throne in 290 AD, making him a crown prince for 23 years. Sima Zhong is a bit demented, and he can maintain his status as a crown prince. He depends on his biological mother and aunt, the two Sima Yan's main palace queens.
Sima Zhong became the puppet of his wife Jananfeng when he became the emperor. During the Eight Kings, he was regarded as a mud bodhisattva and a puppet by the princes. Fortunately, he was demented, so he probably didn't feel the pain of losing power. Leaving his name in history books is already his best life.
3, Ming Renzong Zhu Gaochi: The eldest son of Zhu Di, Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty, was canonized as the crown prince in 1404. He succeeded to the throne in 1424 and served as crown prince for 20 years. The crown prince Zhu Gaochi did a bit harder, because he was fat and a little lame. His father Zhu Di didn't like him. Zhu Di was a horse emperor and preferred the brave generation like his second son Zhu Gaoxu.
Zhu Gaochi was able to survive his 20-year career as a crown prince without being abolished. Thanks to the efforts of the civil service group, his eldest son Zhu Zhanji was deeply loved by Zhu Di, and Zhu Zhanji was confirmed as the crown prince early because Zhu Di was optimistic about the third generation before he could not change the prince. It's a pity for Zhu Gaochi to wait until Zhu Di died and succeeded to the throne, but he died of illness in less than a year.
4, Ming Guangzong Zhu Changluo: Ming Shenzong Zhu Yijun's eldest son Wanli emperor, was canonized as the crown prince in 1601 AD, and succeeded to the throne in 1620, a total of 19 years as the crown prince. He was also a bitter prince. The Wanli emperor pampered concubine Zheng alone in the harem and loved Wu and Wu, so he deliberately established Zhu Changxu, the second son of concubine Zheng, as the crown prince.
The idea of Emperor Wanli was opposed by almost all civil officials. They only insisted on the principle of succession of the protagonist and did not hesitate to start with Emperor Wanli.After decades of fighting, Emperor Wanli finally had to compromise. Zhu Changluo finally waited until Emperor Wanli died and succeeded to the throne, but died of illness within a month, and the cause of death is still disputed.
5, Tang Suzong Li Heng: Tang Xuanzong Li Longji's third son, was canonized as the crown prince in 738 AD, took the throne in Lingwu in 756 AD during the Anshi Rebellion, and served as the crown prince for 18 years. His father, Li Longji, had a history of murdering the crown prince. Li Heng’s elder brother, the former crown prince of , Li Ying (who had been the crown prince for 22 years), was framed and killed, so the crown prince of Li Heng Life is also spent tremblingly, the suspicion between father and son has never been broadcast.
Therefore, the father-son relationship between Li Longji and Li Heng was very disharmonious. During the Anshi Rebellion, the two fled separately. Li Heng took the throne and proclaimed himself the emperor. After returning to Changan, he was rude to Li Longji. Suppression and house arrest made the famous Tang Minghuang miserable in his later years. But it was the father and son, both of them died of illness in the same year.
The five crown princes who have been canonized for the longest time but have not succeeded to the throne
1, Qingai Xinjueluo·Yinrong: The second son and eldest son of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, he was established as the emperor at the first birthday in 1675. The crown prince, was banned after the abolition in 1712, and was crown prince for 37 years.
is now popular in Qing palace dramas. Most people know the reason why Yinfeng did not succeed to the throne. In addition to his unwillingness to succeed, the most important thing is that his brothers are really good at all. They are ousted from the stage collectively. Emperor Kangxi gave him a second chance, but he still didn't grasp it. He could only say that he had the life of a crown prince, but he did not have the means and ability to be an emperor.
2, Prince Liu Zheng of Hanwei: The eldest son of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he was canonized as the crown prince in 122 BC. In 91 BC, he committed suicide because of false accusations and committed suicide for 31 years. Liu Zheng's biological mother was the husband and wife of a civilian queen, and his uncle and cousin were two-walled Weiqing and Huo Qubing in the imperial period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is a pity that his biggest reliance on Wei Qing and Huo Qubing both died early, making political opponents lose their fear. In the scourge of witchcraft, Jiang Chong who was sent by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to be arrested by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and other framers was forced to commit suicide due to unclear information.
3, Liang Zhaoming's eldest son Xiao Yan: Liang Wudi Xiao Yan's eldest son, was canonized as a crown prince in 502, died in 531 AD, a total of 29 years as a crown prince. There is nothing to say. His father Xiao Yan lived too long and was one of the longest-lived emperors in history. He lived a full eighty-five years old and put his son Xiao Tong to death. Even Xiao Gang, another prince after Xiao Tong, had been crown prince for 18 years. If it weren’t for the Emperor Xiao Yan of Liang Wu in "Hou Jing’s Rebellion" , he was starved to death, and lived with Xiao Yan’s tenacity for another ten years. The death of Xiao Gang is also unknown.
4. Liu Gang, the prince of the Three Kingdoms of Shu Han: The eldest son of Liu Chan, the queen of the Shu Han, was canonized as the crown prince in 238 AD. In 264 AD, the Shu Han died, and Liu Huang was killed by the insurgents. He was the crown prince for 26 years. The reason why Liu Ying did not succeed to the throne is very simple. Shuhan was annihilated by Wei and the country was destroyed. What is the crown prince?
Liu Ying could have gone to Wei to live a good life. Wealth and wealth can still be guaranteed, so we can surrender peacefully. But Jiang Wei and Zhonghui were preparing to fight against Wei, and they gave Wei Jun an excuse to rob Chengdu. He was killed in the chaos, perhaps because he was the crown prince, and was deliberately killed for fear of his restlessness.
5, Ming Yiwen prince Zhu Biao: Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang's eldest son, was canonized as the crown prince in 1368, died in 1392, a total of 24 years as a crown prince. If he does not die of illness, he is the heir to the throne with the least suspense. Zhu Yuanzhang not only carefully nurtures him, but also arranges all the roads for him. The brothers are all sealed off to be the princes, and they are also restricted in the self-made ancestral system. The eldest son inheritance system.
Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Biao did not have the mutual suspicion between the emperor and the prince, but Zhu Biao's body failed to last until the end. His death also greatly changed Zhu Yuanzhang's mentality and the historical trend of the Ming Dynasty. One of the four major Hongwu cases, the "Blue Jade Case" and the later "The Battle of Jing Nan" , both occurred because of his death.
In addition to the above five digits, there are also a few special instructions. They were in the south during the Qin and Han dynasties.Zhao Shi, the prince of Nanyue Wudi Zhao Tuo, who became more and more emperor, has been proclaimed king and emperor for a full 81 years and lived more than a hundred years. How could the poor prince Zhao Shi be the long-lived Lao Tzu? Living to death, because there is no detailed record, it is not clear how many years Zhao Shi has been a prince, but it is estimated that there will be three to fifty years. Not only him, but almost all of his brothers were given to him by his father Zhao Tuo. Boil to death.
The Emperor Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty can know from the records that he was established as the crown prince in 1773 and the Emperor Qianlong gave him the Zen throne in the first month of 1796. He was crown prince for 22 years, but because the Qing Dynasty was a secret emperor. Chu, Jiaqing’s heir’s identity has not been disclosed until Jiaqing’s accession to the throne, so Jiaqing’s prince’s identity is not included in this article.
Last gossip, all the crown princes in Chinese history are all weak in front of a crown prince in modern society. The current crown prince of England, Prince Charles, was canonized as the Prince of Wales in 1958 and was officially confirmed as the first order of the British king. This heir, for 61 years now, is only a crown prince. His long-lived mother, Queen Elizabeth II, came out some time ago to participate in foreign affairs and received US President Trump. Looking at this posture, Prince Charles’s crown prince must continue to do so, and his long record of being crown prince will continue. .
The above is a compilation of part of the information collected by the editor from the history books. If there is any omission, readers are welcome to add in the comment area.
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