movie "Eight Hundreds" tells the tragic story of the four-day bloody battle between the 800 heroes and the Japanese in the Battle of Songhu. The Battle of Songhu was also the courage of Chiang Kai-shek's blood. The Japanese army threatened to destroy China in three months. Chiang Kai-shek fought the Battle of Songhu for three months, just to fight for his breath. These eight hundred heroes
have been pushed to the forefront for history, knowing that they are dying and fearless. This Mencius so-called, although tens of thousands of people have gone.
Songhu Battle
Qian Mu lived in Hong Kong in his later years. He was old, sick and disabled. He spent all his wealth to build the New Asia Academy, but only a few boardrooms. Students are a mixed bag. The popular actress Lin Dai under the Shaw Brothers studies here. There are also miners who mine during the day and come to class at night. They sleep in the corridor when they can’t make it back. What do these people do with history? What's the point if I can’t make money after learning? Among these students
, Yu Yingshi is one of them. He wrote the mantle of the inheritance teacher of "Shi and Chinese Culture". The taxi in the eyes of Qian Mu is like this: People who have ideals and can shoulder morality are not ashamed of bad clothes and food.
Qian Mu
Mr. Qian Mu's ideal is to preserve the fire of traditional culture. Facing the situation where mainland intellectuals criticize traditional culture, Qian Mu believes that "it is necessary to speak fair words for Chinese culture." The students had no money to pay the tuition, so he let 80% of the students enroll for free. The school was too poor to pay for the electricity, so Zhang Pijie's wife became his own jewelry.
One day, when Yu Yingshi saw Qian Mu's stomach ulcer, he was lying alone on the floor of the classroom and asked him what he needed? Qian Mu said that he wanted to read "The Complete Works of Wang Yangming". Yu Yingshi bought the book and returned, but he still saw Qian Mu lying on the ground, as if Xinya College was completely empty.
Qian Mu wrote "History of Chinese Literature" to rectify the name of traditional culture, and now it seems that it will not waste the eternal flow of rivers.
The source of Chinese culture is the "Book of Songs", Confucius said that he could not learn poetry, he could not speak. He admired the Book of Songs and thought it had a deep political significance. He and Zi Gong and Zi Xia had discussed the relationship between the Book of Songs and rituals.
The first essay of "The Book of Songs" is "Guanju". It looks like a love poem, but it is actually a satire poem to advise King Zhou Kang. King Zhou Kang was licentious and innocent. Guan Ju had only one spouse in his life. This poem warned Kangwei to keep himself clean and be diligent and loving the people.
Confucius in his later years
Pre-Qin literature is mostly written for politics, "The Book of Songs" is divided into "Elegant Grace", and "Wind" has the highest literary value. Confucius likes "South Wind" and "Nan Zhao" in "Wind". "The Book of Songs" is a ballad that can be sung, and the poems of later generations can grow, the source is like this.
Mencius said that after the death of the poem, "Spring and Autumn" was written, and after the collapse of the ritual and music system, Confucius wrote "Spring and Autumn." Confucius made "The Spring and Autumn" and the courtiers were afraid. Why are the rebels afraid? Because "Spring and Autumn" records mostly scandals that they committed and made chaos.
Confucius's "Spring and Autumn" has no trace of praise and criticism, it is all in the difference of words. "Killing" refers to the following crimes, the killing of the father by the son, the killing of the king by the minister, and so on. Later generations referred to the praise and derogation of the word as "chunqiu style".
Whether it is "The Book of Songs" or "The Spring and Autumn Period", we can see the determination of Confucianism to strengthen the righteous way.
Qu Yuan also has this determination. He wrote "Li Sao" and said: "I also have the kindness of my heart, even though I die nine times, I still have no regrets." He sank to the bottom of the river. Before his death, Qu Yuan asked Taibu, should he join in with the evil, or insist on fighting? Taibu face is embarrassing, saying that ghosts and gods also don't know. It shows that the situation was difficult at that time, and it has been exhausted.
Although "Li Sao" was written for politics, it was written on his own mind, so Qu Yuan can be regarded as the first writer in my country, and his works are all created by himself. His student Song Yu, a master of writing articles, "Dengtuzi Luscious Fu" firmly satirizes the slanderous villain Dengtuzi.
Qu Yuan
According to Song Yu's description, Deng's disciple persuaded the king of Chu not to let Song Yu enter and leave the harem gate, on the grounds that he was very handsome, witty, and very erotic. Song Yu retorted that there was a girl in the east of their home who was very beautiful, and he hadn't been tempted to peep on himself for three years. The apprentice’s wife is unkempt, with ear contractures, lip flares and ragged teeth, stooping, limping on foot, and suffering from scabies and hemorrhoids. Deng's disciple loves her very much and has five children.
is very humorous.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty liked Fu very much, and called Sima Xiangru to write "Zixu Fu" and "Shanglin Fu", both of which were emperor's safari, and were used by literati. Sima Xiangru is well known, more because of the story of elopement with Zhuo Wenjun and selling wine in Dangluo, Chengdu.
Wudi Shitaishi Company Ma Qian wrote "Historical Records", which Lu Xun called "the swan song of the historian, the li Sao without rhyme". "Historical Records" has a high status in literary history. Gui Youguang in the Ming Dynasty, Pu Songling and "Tongcheng School" in the Qing Dynasty were all deeply influenced by "Historical Records".
Li Ling was defeated, Tai Shigong pleaded for Li Ling, angering Emperor Wu and imprisoning him. At that time, no one in the dynasty dared to speak for Li Ling. Tai Shigong was not a relative, but he spoke outrightly. This is also the mighty power of Confucianism.
Li Ling
is to fulfill his father's last wish and write "Records of the History". The central trace, Sima Qian, was confessed with grief and indignation in "Report to Ren'an", and then the book became dead.
This is another eternal flow of the river.
In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the eunuchs were in chaos, and life was disastrous. Cao Cao couldn't bear to expose his bones and rise up. He is the most pragmatic, quoting the story of Wei Wuzhi recommending Chen Ping to Liu Bang in the "Ling for Talents" to express his desire for talents.
Wei Wuzhi recommended Chen Ping to Liu Bang. Liu Bang hesitated because Chen Ping had committed adultery with his sister-in-law. Wei Wuzhi said that when it comes to employing people, other unimportant things can be put aside. Later generations blamed Cao Cao for being heavy and not moral.
Cao Cao's character is reflected in the article, not heavy rhetoric, simple and straightforward, so Lu Xun said that he is a great master of the transformation of the article. Cao Cao's literary accomplishment is very high. His ideal is to go back to his hometown in Anhui and hide in his study after the world is peaceful.
Cao Cao
As a prince, Cao Cao could put aside his status as a prince and chant about life's fate, which was not easy at the time. After him, the article began to appear "myself" on a large scale. One of the most outstanding works, , belongs to "Nineteen Ancient Poems" .
"Nineteen Ancient Poems" was compiled into "Selected Works" by Prince Liang Zhaoming of the Southern Dynasty. The poems included are simple and unpretentious, which is endlessly memorable. Such as: Shejiang picking hibiscus, Lanze multi-fang grass. Whoever chooses to leave, thinks far away.
Prince Zhaoming, formerly known as Xiao Tong, had a posthumous posthumous title of "Zhaoming" after his death. The story of the red bean is related to him. According to legend, Xiao Tong once admired a nun named Huiru, but it was a pity that he could not become a family member. Huiru became sick and died of depression. Xiao Tong planted double red beans with tears and changed the name of the nunnery to "Red Bean An". Later generations then used red beans to refer to love.
Acacia
Wang Wei wrote a poem "Acacia", the poem said: red beans are born in the South, spring comes to send a few branches. May you pick more, this thing is the most loving.
Wang Wei was born with a prominent background, believed in Buddhism, and had a calm nature. He was a noble son. During the Anshi Rebellion, he was forced to do a false job. He was supposed to be decapitated, but his brother used his fame to make atonement for his elder brother to avoid death. After this change, Wang Wei was frustrated, and in his later years he didn't care about everything.
The Anshi Rebellion was a major event in the history of the Tang Dynasty, and many poets were drawn in. Li Bai was almost decapitated because he took refuge in Yongwang, and finally Yelang was exiled. Later, the emperor pardoned the world and wrote "Early Hair Baidi City" with great excitement.
Du Fu wrote many excellent poems focusing on folk sufferings during the Anshi Rebellion. Du Fu's life in Chengdu, Sichuan is very stretched and lacks food and clothing. Under such circumstances, he still has the great mind of "An De Guangsha tens of thousands, sheltering the world's dignified people", which is really touching.
This is still the determination of Confucianism to help the way.
Du Fu is highly respected by Han Yu, because they all advocated that literature should be restored to the old and should be studied for three generations and two Hans. Han Yu said that Li Du's article is here, and it is full of glory. He carried out the Confucian spirit of martyrdom to the extreme.
Because he opposed Tang Xianzong's welcome to the Buddha bone, Han Yu was demoted to Chaozhou, he did not regret it.
The horse walked to the Blue Pass. The road was blocked by heavy snow and Han Yu almost died there. Fortunately, the grand nephew Han Xiang came to take care of it. He said to Han Xiang, knowing you should be intentional from afar, so that you can take my bones off the river.
Snow Embraces the Blue Gate
This is to fulfill the ideal with the determination to die.
Han Yu's essays are better than reasoning, and his prose is especially delicate, and no one can inherit it. It took more than a hundred years to leave Ouyang Xiu before he inherited Han Yu's style of writing.
Ouyang Xiu is young and lonely. His mother raised him alone, and his family is poor and cannot study. Neighbor Li's son often lends him books, and Ouyang Xiu gets a collection of "Han Changli's Essays" and he loves it.
Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi co-edited the "New Tang Book". Song likes to use rare characters. Ouyang Xiu advocates simple writing, so I am embarrassed to speak directly. One day Ouyang Xiu Ouyang Xiu wrote eight characters on the wall of the historical museum: "Xiao Mei Bandit, Zha Na Hongxu". When everyone came to work, they saw these words and talked a lot. Song Qi looked at it and said disapprovingly: "Isn't this the meaning of'Yemeng is ominous, the question is good'? There is a ready-made saying, why is it so cold and difficult to understand?"
Ouyang Xiu replied with a grin: " You make a lot of sense! But when you wrote "Li Jing's Biography," didn't you also write "Thunder is too late to cover your ears" as "Thunder and no time for Saicong"? There is a ready-made saying, why did you use it on purpose?"
Song Qi listened and felt that Ouyang Xiu made sense. Since then, he has corrected the obscure language.
He had a very good relationship with Fan Zhongyan. When Fan Zhongyan offended Lv Yijian and was demoted to the south, many ministers sympathized with Fan Zhongyan. Only the admonisher Gao Ruona believed that Fan Zhongyan should be demoted. Ouyang Xiu was very angry, and wrote a letter blaming Gao Ruona for not knowing that there is shame in the world. For this, he was demoted to another place, and it took four years before he returned to the capital.
Another major contribution of Ouyang Xiu is to discover the "Three Sus". In the "Three Sus", Su Dongpo was an all-rounder, with excellent poetry, calligraphy and painting, but his career was frustrated. Su Dongpo's best articles and poems were written when he was demoted.
before and after "Chibi Fu" was written in Huangzhou, as is "Hanshi Tie". He is broad-minded and optimistic, and can do everything in his life in the face of life's wind and rain. Was demoted to the more remote Hainan, he said, ask me about my life career, Huangzhou, Huizhou, and Danzhou. Even the format of the poem is ignored.
Before he died, Su Dongpo would think of Fan Zhongyan's "worry and worry about the world first, and joy in the world afterwards".
Recently, the movie "Yu Hundred" was shown, and the fiercest battle in the Battle of Songhu was brought up again. They let people see a kind of spirit, although tens of thousands of people are going for it. This is the Chinese spirit.
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