was placed in the yard
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national treasure was left in the yard, not without history.
▲ For example, the big jade urn used by Kublai Khan in the Tuancheng Pavilion in Beijing was said to have been obtained from the courtyard of Fayuan Temple by the minister of the Qianlong Dynasty. The Taoism in the temple was
. However, if this kind of encounter can be touched today When it arrives, there will be a bit of a fantasy. After the scouring of the commodity economy era, even the five stone offerings in front of Emperor Chongzhen's mausoleum were stolen. Who would dare to put the national treasure in the courtyard?
has such a place in Hainan, called Haikou City Museum . At the end of last year, I had the opportunity to go to Haikou and walked around this museum, only to find that the collections here are quite rich, and it is vast enough to put the national treasure in the courtyard. What kind of national treasure is
? What is the Haikou Museum?
Although Haikou is the provincial capital of Hainan, the overly warm and humid climate makes it difficult to preserve historical relics, so there are not too many places to visit. Among them, Wugong Temple is almost a must-see place for tourists. Here commemorates Su Dongpo and other five celebrities who were dispatched to Yazhou. It makes people feel that they had to be escorted to Hainan before they were willing to go.
Visiting Wugong Temple can be regarded as a prescribed action for travelers to Haikou. However, some curious friends will find that opposite the Wugong Temple, across a small lake, there is an antique building covered with glazed tiles.
▲ Here is the Haikou City Museum.
Lao Sa is a kind of good person. So after seeing the Wugong Temple, I still have some time, so I decided to go to the Haikou City Museum. In all fairness, as the southernmost provincial capital of China, the exhibits of the Haikou City Museum are quite distinctive, and a lot of work has been done. But what really shocked me was that when I walked on the second floor platform and glanced at the patio downstairs, I couldn’t take my eyes off immediately. At that time, I babbled to my fellow colleagues—there is a national treasure in the courtyard. what.
▲ Look, this is the courtyard. Have you seen the national treasure?
▲ No, not this, there are many types of national treasures...
guessing is always a headache. It is estimated that some friends will say that besides the manhole cover in this yard, there seem to be two "stone stools" left. Could this be? Is it a national treasure?
▲ This is the national treasure I am talking about
▲ And this
▲ Let’s take a close-up, but it is actually just a few pieces of coral reef or sedimentary rock slabs, slightly carved, giving people a very rough look, and there is no
z around. It can be judged that they are not stone benches by any means. But what exactly is this? Why can it be called a national treasure?I guess these are the two temples of -the two temples are only more than fifty centimeters high and consist of only three or four stone slabs.
Their preciousness lies in that, according to the characteristics left by the stone, they should come from the South China Sea Islands. The South China Sea Islands include the Dongsha, Xisha, Nansha, and Zhongsha Islands. Many of these islands lack the living conditions of the residents, but there are many temples.
According to the results of the census of cultural relics from 1974 to 1975, there were still 14 temples on the islands of the Paracel Islands, , and , all over Yongxing Island, South Island, North Island, Zhaoshu Island, , Chenhang Island, etc. In Treasure Island, Coral Island and other places, there are many temples that have been damaged. There are also temples built by Chinese in Dongsha and Nansha.
▲ In 1907, Wu Jingrong, Lin Guoxiang, etc. led a ship to cruise the Dongsha Island. The remains of the ancient temple on Dongsha Island were covered by vegetation. It would be difficult for non-professionals. The coral islands in the South China Sea are generally small. Xisha’s largest Yongxing Island is about 2.6 square kilometers, and Nansha’s largest TaiPingdao is only 0.43 square kilometers, and Zhaoshu Island, where the Qilianyu Village Committee is located in Sansha City, is only 0.22 square kilometers. How can such a small island accommodate so many temples? The reason for
is very simple—the temples of are very small.
▲ The brother temple on Ganquan Island (the top collapsed) is already the largest temple in Xisha
and most temples are only the size of a Buddhist altar.
▲ The records of the small temples on Xisha Coral Island during the South China Sea Cultural Relics Census
▲ The ancient temples on Ganquan Island
These temples are generally dedicated to Sea God Mazu , brothers (killed by pirates), 3zz2 fishermen who manifested their spirits (Sailor who became a god after being killed at sea), there is also land public . In some of these small temples, cultural relics such as statues and copper coins were also found, describing the activities of the Chinese in the South China Sea since ancient times.
Why did the Chinese build so many but simple temples on the South China Sea islands? This question can only be answered by understanding the Chinese fishery culture in the South China Sea-
- On the one hand, the ancient navigation technology is backward, and the fishermen’s life in the South China Sea fishing is very difficult. They hope that Mazu, brothers, lone souls and landlords can protect them from coming and going safely;
- On the one hand, the fishermen in the South China Sea have an unwritten practice-if a fisherman builds a temple on an island, he is regarded as the owner of the island and has the priority to fish in the surrounding area.
From this perspective, "Zheng Qiyun, the owner of the seventy-two islands" in Mr. Jin Yong's "Sword of Jade Blood" was probably the leader of a fishermen's association.
Because of these two reasons, fishermen who go to sea often use mainland limestone to carve simple and small temple components and take them out to sea as ballast stones. When they arrive, they unload the stone slabs to build temples and return after fishing. Over time, there will be temples on the larger islands of the Nanhai Zhudao.
▲ The structure is simple, the shape is low and even local materials are used
▲ In some places, you can see the remains of marine parasites
▲ Quietly stay in the courtyard of the Haikou Museum
But which island did they come from?
asked the staff of the museum on the same day for verification, but they did not know clearly, only that it was shipped by sea, and the specific situation was not well understood.
is an old gentleman among the visitors. It is said that he is a local literary and historical worker. He told me that after the establishment of Sansha City , more and more fishermen went to the South China Sea to fish, and some old traditions have been restored, such as some temples on the island today. It was too crude, so the fishermen rebuilt it with stronger cement.
"This can't be regarded as feudal superstition, just to be at ease." The old man said, "Probably the old temple that was demolished is also considered as a cultural relic, so it was sent to the museum." Because of this incident, a friend in Hainan I contacted Mr. Zhang Jianping, the former curator of the Haikou Museum, for verification, but the result was a little unexpected.
It turned out that the two "small temples" were brought back by Curator Zhang himself, and they were indeed from the Xisha waters. However, they are not temples, but stone parts taken from sunken ships.
A large number of stone components have been found in the Paracel Islands. In 2015, a shipwreck was found in the waters of the Coral Island of the Yongle Islands in Sansha City, Hainan, and it was determined to be the remains of the Qing Dynasty. The site has 274 pieces of large and small stone components.
It is speculated that they were either taken overseas by overseas Chinese as export products, or taken as ballast by the way (coral reef shipwreck was determined to be a ship dedicated to transporting stone components). The origin of this batch of cultural relics in Haikou Museum Similar to this.
Whether it is a temple or a stone component, it is evidence that the Chinese travelled to and from the South China Sea and was active on the South China Sea islands. It is the earliest master symbol. When discussing the sovereignty of the South China Sea islands, each of these cultural relics can be called a national treasure.
I think this is beyond doubt to most Chinese people. This is why Lao Sa is very emotional when facing the courtyard of the Haikou Museum.
In fact, although it is not easy to survive due to environmental influences, there are many good things in Hainan. During this visit, I found that there are many precious cultural relics collected in the Haikou Museum. Some buildings may not fit in the yard. More vicissitudes of life. This is not just a temple moved from Nanhai.
▲ For example, the stone plaque at the gate of Haikou’s city gate "Dinghaimen" is now also placed in the courtyard of the museum.
It seems that every museum has some treasures of the town hall, but you need to look for it carefully, there will always be differences Discovery.
[End]
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