Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are very dangerous, and once they occur, they will bring more or less sequelae. The high-risk factors leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases include smoking, body obesity, high blood pressure, and high blood sugar. It is hoped that people will pay attention.
What are the risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases?
1, the body is too obese
if the body is too obese, it will change the hemodynamics, abnormal left ventricular hypertrophy, make arrhythmia, increase the risk of thrombosis, and accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis. In addition, obesity can also induce a series of symptoms, such as body edema, dyspnea, and angina, which can cause varying degrees of damage to the cardiovascular system.
2, hypertension
Hypertension is a high-risk factor causing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and most of the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases cannot be separated from hypertension. When blood pressure rises, it can cause atherosclerosis, causing further damage to the large arteries, heart vessels and kidneys, thereby inducing coronary heart disease. The increase in blood pressure is due to the contraction of the smooth muscles of the small arteries. If the small arteries continue to contract, the absorption of nutrients in the vascular wall will be blocked, the fibrous tissue will proliferate and the intima thickened. In addition, in the coronary arteries, aorta, and cerebral arteries, because of the persistent high arterial pressure, the permeability of plasma lipoproteins can be increased. At this time, cholesterol is easy to deposit under the intima, thereby forming atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis will lead to a continuous increase in blood pressure, thus entering a vicious circle.
3, smoking
cigarettes contain a lot of harmful substances such as nicotine, nicotine and carbon monoxide. In particular, carbon monoxide will combine with hemoglobin to produce carboxyhemoglobin. When these substances rise, they can cause hypoxia in the body, causing hypoxia and edema in the arterial wall, and obstruction of blood flow. In addition, it will cause damage to the endothelium, causing large amounts of cholesterol to deposit on the blood vessel walls. At the same time, hypoxia can also promote atherosclerosis. In addition, smoking can also reduce insulin sensitivity and produce insulin resistance, leading to increased blood sugar, disturbance of fat metabolism, lowering the concentration of good cholesterol, and increasing the level of triglycerides in the blood.
4, hyperlipidemia
If hyperlipidemia is not effectively controlled, atherosclerosis can occur, and there will be a large amount of lipid deposition in the blood, causing abnormal blood flow. Over time, it deposits on the endothelium of arteries and adheres to the walls of the blood vessels, causing damage to the inner walls of the arteries and forming vascular sclerosis. As long as blood vessels rupture and bleeding, it will be life-threatening.
5, hyperglycemia
Most diabetic patients are accompanied by dyslipidemia, increased platelet aggregation and adhesion, and changes in hormone levels in the body, thereby promoting atherosclerosis.
Warm reminder that
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are preventable and controllable diseases. Correct bad living habits in time, make a good combination of meat and vegetables and weight, and avoid eating high-cholesterol and high-fat foods. Regularly check blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar.
Health Science Qualifications Knowledge change Qingyun plan
Reference material: "Five Risk Factors of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases", Coronary Heart Disease Academy, 2016-11-04
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