"Willing" in Taoism "Wuwei" starts with "Taoist descending from the mountain" in real life

Guide: In 2015, a film "Taoist Goes Down the Mountain" directed by Chen Kaige , Wang Baoqiang, Aaron Kwok, Zhang Zhen, Fan Wei, Lin Chiling , etc. co-starred, mainly after the little priest He An went down the mountain, The story of going through several twists and turns in the rolling red dust, and finally going up the mountain to retreat.

The specific plot of the movie and the main ideas expressed, I will not add more words here. However, it is worth mentioning that the background of the movie was in the Republic of China, when foreign enemies invaded and warlords fought, and various figures of the world appeared in troubled times.

Not long ago, I also saw a modern version of "Taoist Going Down the Mountain" news on the Internet. is talking about a Taoist temple where the mountain gates are closed. Taoist priests are sent down the mountain to donate hundreds of thousands of yuan to the government for local epidemic prevention, control and treatment. The external evaluation of this behavior reflects the great love of Taoism of "the same kind of love, and the love of different bones", and it also fulfills the social responsibility and religious responsibility of Taoism.

So, I was thinking: Taoism, as China's native religion, its main idea is "advocating nature and advocating inaction". So why is there such a "promise" to donate money to the government to fight the "epidemic" for the emergence of "Taoist going down the mountain"?

"Tao De Jing": "If you have something for profit, you have nothing for use. For nothing, nothing is done, and you can't do anything to supplement the nature of all things. Tao is always doing nothing and doing nothing. If you can keep it, everything will become self-contained. "

This article will tell readers the "prosperity" of Taoist "doing nothing" from the four aspects of Li Mi's personal experience, cultural heritage contribution, "wenjing" governance and "Taoist going down the mountain" anti-Japanese.

5 times "out of the mountain" from the official to the prime minister, from the personal experience of Li Mi in the Tang Dynasty to see the "prosperity" in Taoism "Wuwei"

Last year, based on the writer Ma Boyong's novel , the costume drama "The Twelve Hours of Chang'an" fire, Among them, the role played by Yi Yang Qianxi, Li Bi , is also known. Actually, Li Bi was a real person in the Tang Dynasty, but his name was Li Mi.

Those who have read "New Tangshu·Li Mi Biography" should know that Li Mi can write articles when he was 7 years old, and he knew a little about "Huang Lao, Lie Zhuang" doctrine when he was young, and he is known as a child prodigy. . When he became an adult, he was even more familiar with Taoism. He was very knowledgeable about "Book of Changes" and . He often traveled to famous mountains and rivers to pursue immortality.

Huang Lao: The mainstream Taoist school in the Warring States Period, Huang Lao's way of Shang Yang is opposite to Lao Zhuang Shang Yin. "Huang" means Huangdi, "Lao" means Laozi, "Lie" means Liezi (formerly known as Lieyu Kou), "Zhuang" means Zhuangzi, and Huanglao School means to promote Huangdi with the support of Huangdi and Laozi. , A school of thought of Laozi.

01. First time "out of the mountain": Li Mi lived in seclusion in Songshan at that time, and presented "Fumingtang Jiuding Yi" to Xuanzong, and was called "Hanlin Dedication", mainly teaching "Laozi". Later, he was jealous of Yang Guozhong and found an excuse to be sent to another place for resettlement. So far he left the government and lived in seclusion.

"Xin Tang Shu Li Mi Biography": "Ling to serve the Hanlin, still worship in the East Palace." "It is a hidden mountain, to learn to hide."

02. The second "out of the mountain": soon after the rebellion in Anshi The Tang Suzong sent people to find Li Mi. So he stayed with Suzong and made plans for the suppression of the rebellion. At that time, Suzong did not call him by Li Mi's name, but as Mr. Suzong, which shows that Suzong regarded him seriously. It is precisely because of this that Li Mi once again drew the suspicion of other officials, so he took the initiative to resign and go to Hengshan to return to the monastery after the overall situation was determined.

"New Tangshu·Li Mizhuan": "There is an edict for Sanpin Lu, a hermit clothing, for the treatment of the house."

03. The third "out of the mountain": Su Zong died after the death of Daizong ascended the throne, immediately called Li He returned, appointed him a Hanlin bachelor, and forced him to eat meat and marry a wife. But the prime minister at the time, Yuan Zai, and Li Mi were not the same, so he found a suitable excuse to expel Li Mi from the court and took office in Jiangxi.

04. The fourth "out of the mountain": After the prime minister of Yuan Zai committed a crime, Li Mi was found again, but soonLater, he was rejected by the new prime minister, Chang Gun, and was first arranged to be an official in Hunan, and then to Hangzhou as a governor. He used water from the West Lake to make six wells so that the people could drink enough water.

"Song History·Su Shi Biography": "Hangben River and Sea, the water springs are salty and bitter, and the residents are sparse. Tang Cishi Li Mishi drew West Lake water into six wells, and the people were rich in water, so Jingyi became rich."

05. Five times "out of the mountain": After the Jingyuan mutiny, Dezong took refuge in Liangzhou, and hurriedly summoned Li Mi to his side, and was awarded the post of Zuo Sanqi as a standing servant to serve the court. Four years later, Li Mi took the post of Zhongshu Shi Lang Tong Ping Zhang Shi and formally worshipped the minister.

Li Mi actively or passively left the court to go into hermitage, and then “exited the mountain” five times. It was his whole life to practice the “prosperity” of Taoism “inaction”.

From the perspective of Taoism’s contribution to the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture, we can see the "prosperity" in "Wuwei"

In November last year, the "Daoism and Traditional Chinese Culture Forum" was held in Hangzhou. Chen Tiexiong, Vice Chairman of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, delivered a speech, mentioning "Taoism" It is China's native religion, and Taoist culture is an important part of Chinese traditional culture."

01. Integration and enrichment of traditional Chinese thought and culture: the formation of Taoism did not happen overnight, it was gradually nurtured bit by bit in the historical process. This process also integrated the ideas of various schools, such as Confucianism, Buddhism, and Huang Waiting. Of course, Taoism is also a kind of traditional thought and culture. Its formation and development have enriched China's traditional thought and culture.

The famous "Sit and Forget Theory" in the Tang Dynasty, is Sima Cheng's fusion of Confucianism and Buddhism, and proposed the realm of Taoism "to keep quiet and go away the desires, and to forget everything." Zhu Xi, a famous Neo-Confucianist in the Song Dynasty, has collected, sorted and studied Taoist classics, and has integrated many theories such as Taoism to build its own objective idealist philosophy system.

Zhu Xi: "Mian Zhaiyu at night and read Taoist books at the end."

02. To a certain extent, promote the development of ancient science: talks about Taoism, you have to mention alchemy. This is something ancient Taoist scholars and Taoists are very interested in and spend their entire lives to practice. Objectively speaking, Taoism has also accumulated many valuable materials and experiences for ancient Chinese natural science and technology.

Ge Hong, Tao Hongjing, Sun Simiao, etc. also combined alchemy with pharmacology and Chinese medicine, and left valuable experience for later generations in the aspects of guiding, taking Qi, Jin Dan, taking bait, massage, diet and daily life. .

"Baopuzi·Inner Chapter·Golden Pill" says: "Every plant burned is embers, and cinnabar burns into silver water, and the accumulated change turns into cinnabar."

Chen Tuan, a Taoist scholar in the late Tang and early Song dynasties, conducted an in-depth study of "He Tu" and "Luo Shu", equating "heaven and earth, yin and yang, odd and even" with "four seasons, five elements, five directions, eight trigrams, nine palaces, twelve branches", etc. Combined, the creation of "Yi Long Tu" has special significance in the history of Chinese Taoism and the history of science and technology.

03. From ancient times to the present, it has had a great influence on folk customs: in ancient China and even in modern times, the common people have worshiped and sacrificed to city gods, land, kitchen monarchs, and wealth . This is not to advocate superstition, but to Taoist legends Respect and belief in characters and stories.

, especially around the Spring Festival, traditional Chinese festivals, whether it is from celebration, entertainment, to food, and sacrificial offerings, embodies the influence of Taoist ideology and culture, such as said door gods, stove horses, and Xuetian master Zhong Kui painted peach symbols And so on is still passed down.

Luo Ye's "Drunk Man Talks": During the Spring Festival, Zhong Kui was the door god (one of the most famous immortals in Taoism); at the Dragon Boat Festival, Zhong Kui was the celestial master who cut the five poisons, and the only universal answer among the traditional Chinese Taoist gods God wants blessings and blessings, riches and riches, and responds to requests.

From the "government of Wenjing", to see the "prosperity" in Taoism "Wuwei"

What is the "rule of Wenjing"? refers to the admiration of Huang Lao's tactics during the reigns of Emperor Wen and Emperor of Han Jing in the Western Han Dynasty, adopting policies such as "light pudding", "rest with the people" and , which enabled the social and economic development at that time to reach a heyday. .

01. The background of the "Government of Wenjing": In the last years of the Qin Dynasty, there was a peasant war, and later a struggle for hegemony between the Chu and Han Dynasties. At that time, the common people did not live and suffer, and even the phenomenon of cannibalism appeared to the society. The economy has caused serious damage. After

came to Han Gaozu, he adopted the policy of rest and recuperation, and it gradually recovered stability and made a significant improvement. After the death of Gaozu, the Zhulu Rebellion broke out in the Han Dynasty. After it was settled, Huang Lao's "rule by doing nothing" was promoted, and then the "rule of Wenjing" came into being.

02. The implementation of the "Government of Wenjing" policy: war led to social and economic decline, the rulers of the Han Dynasty learned the lessons of the Qin Dynasty's "severe punishment and cruel law" and thus perished, admired Huang Lao's "rule by doing nothing" thought, and rehabilitated with the people .

twice "light levies", "except half of the land rent and tax" , even free land rent. At the same time, it did not easily send troops to neighboring hostile countries to maintain peace, so as not to waste human, financial and national power in vain.

advocates the country to increase revenue and reduce expenditure. From the imperial family to the aristocratic bureaucracy, no extravagance and waste are allowed. According to records, during the reign of Emperor Wenwen of the Han Dynasty, no clothes were added to the palace, the clothes were not dragged on the floor, the cars were not added, the curtains were not embroidered, and all local counties were prohibited from contributing rare and foreign objects. He once wanted to build a terrace, and when he saw that the budget was "a hundred gold", he thought it was too expensive and gave up.

"Han Shu·Wen Di Ji": "If you want to be a terrace, call the craftsman to plan it, and straighten one hundred gold. The above said: "One hundred gold is the property of ten families. "

"Wenjing" two emperors attach great importance to agriculture, has repeatedly issued edicts to teach agriculture and mulberry, set up three old, filial piety, and Litian according to the proportion of household registration, and often give them rewards to encourage farmers to develop production. Allowing the people to move from barren areas to fertile land in order to facilitate the development of agriculture was relatively rare in feudal society at that time.

Ban Gu’s "Han Shu": "The people who live in the middle age are not going to be living, the people are too short of food, and they will die forever. , I feel so painful. The county may be narrow and there is no farming and mulberry livestock; or the land may be extensive, the grass is recommended, the water springs are good, and no migration is allowed. Those who argue that people want to migrate to the vast land listen to it. "

To sum up, the emergence of "the rule of Wenjing" benefited from Huang Lao's theory, which is now the mainstream Taoist thought "inaction". At the same time, we clearly see the "action" in Taoism's "inaction". At that time, the Han Dynasty played an important role in the governance of the country.

from the survival of the nation, "Taoist descended from the mountain" anti-Japanese deeds, to see the "prosperity" in Taoism "Wuwei"

once read such a story: has Taoism in the southwest border, There was only one old Taoist priest. The outsider was very strange and asked why there was only one person. The Taoist chief told him that there were masters and many brothers in the Taoist temple. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the master took my brothers down the mountain to fight against Japan. No, leave me alone to guard the Taoist temple. At that time, the master said that he would return when the Japanese was beaten away. The ending of the

story is that the master and the brothers beat the Japanese away, but they did not return to the Taoist temple. Indeed, During the period of national survival, many characters and stories emerged that moved us. Among them, "Taoist descended from the mountain" to fight against Japan is too numerous to enumerate.

01. Founding general He Bingyan: , when he was 9 years old, He Bingyan, General He studied Lingxiao swordsmanship and Xuanxu swordsmanship, and his martial arts skills were high. Later, he went down the mountain to join the Red Army of Chinese Workers and Peasants, and joined the Communist Party of China in the same year. From ordinary soldier to founding general, he participated in countless battles in his life, for national independence and people Liberation and the reunification of the motherland have made great contributions. was later injured in the war and amputated his right arm, but it still made the Japanese invaders frightened, known as the "one-armed general" "He Xiaolong."

02. Langyashan Liyuan Channel Length: It is said that Li Daochang is the prototype of the master in the above story. The lay name is Li Yaofu, who is the 19th generation heir of the Quanzhen Longmen School of Taoism. The war broke out and the national disaster was at the head of the country. Daochang Li, who practiced at Langyashan Taoist Temple, took his disciples down the mountain and devoted himself without hesitation. Go to the war to defend the home and the country. After the victory of the war, Daochang Li did not accept the honorary award. Instead, he left Langya Mountain and traveled around the world.Pot Jishi.

03. Maoshan Taoist Li Yuhang: Li Daochang, Taoist name Shunji, when he was 5 years old, he followed Taoist Maoshan Shangqing sect Xu Longtian as his teacher. He has become a young master in Taoism at the age of 18 or nine. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Li Yuhang successively served as a food custodian for the Maoshan New Fourth Army and later as the head of the intelligence station. He and many Taoist priests and local people in Maoshan Temple actively participated in the anti-Japanese torrents, acting as guides for the troops and sending intelligence.

In addition, there is also the Taoist leader Cao Xinyi who participated in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement when he was young, and later joined the Xuanmen "holding incense in one hand and gun in the other" ; organized peasant armed forces and actively resisted Japan, and finally unfortunately sacrificed Tian Xinliang. ; Borrowing his identity as a "Taoist", he collected intelligence for the anti-Japanese guerrillas and raised food supplies, such as hump road chief Zhao Chunlin and so on.

So now everyone agrees with this sentence: Taoist priests in troubled times go down to save people, and Taoists in prosperous times return to the mountains and forests.

It can be seen how vividly the "prosperity" in Taoism "Wuwei" was manifested in the era of national peril, it is no wonder that Mr. Nan Huaijin once issued "Whenever the chaos needs to be brought out of the world, Taoists always come forward" .

Nan Huaijin: "Buddha is the heart, Tao is the bone, and Confucianism is the expression, to look at the world generously; skills are in hand, can be in the body, thinking in the brain, and live a calm life."

Concluding remarks:

Not long ago, Wudang Taoist Association successively Donated 18 million yuan to Hubei for the prevention, control and treatment of the new coronavirus infection in Wuhan and other places.

recalls that in September last year, Wudang Taoists kicked forward, raised the national flag, and sang the national anthem in front of the Zixiao Palace. celebrated the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. These all reflect the "prosperity" in Taoism "inaction"!

There is a country before a home. We are all members of the Chinese nation, and we are also a member of the big family of China. We have the responsibility and obligation to contribute our strength, and even our youth and life.

From now on, many expert teams, medical staff, grassroots cadres and countless caring people are all contributing their efforts to this nationwide and all-people war "epidemic"!

Isn't this "promising" in "inaction"?

Finally, come on Wuhan, come on China!

References:

"Hanshu" Ban Gu

"Great Han Empire" Xiao Ran

"New Tang Book Li Mi Chuan" Ouyang Xiu

"Daoism and Chinese Traditional Culture" Qing Xitai

"Chinese Traditional Culture Series · Taoist Culture" Sun Yiping