Titanic (RMS Titanic), also translated as Titanic , is an Olympic-class cruise ship under the administration of British White Star Line , with a displacement of 46,000 tons, on March 31, 1909 in Northern Ireland, UK Construction began at the Harland and Wolff shipyards in Belfast, launched on May 31, 1911, and completed on April 2, 1912 for sea trials.
Titanic
Displacement 46328 tons (52310 tons)
Captain 269.06 meters (882.75 feet)
Width 28.19 meters (92.5 feet) Captain Edward John Smith
The maximum speed is 23 knots (43.4 km/h)
She was the largest passenger ship with the most luxurious interior facilities in the world at that time, and had the reputation of "unsinkable". The
is called an unsinkable ship because the Titanic has two bottoms, divided into 16 watertight compartments by 15 watertight partitions with automatic watertight doors, spanning the entire ship. Even if any two of the compartments are filled with water, she can still drive; up to four compartments are filled with water and can remain afloat. The Shipbuilder magazine at the time considered it "simply impossible to sink". A crew member said to a second-class female passenger Sylvia Caldwell during the voyage: "Even if God himself came, he would not sink this ship." Director Ismay requested that the height of these watertight compartments be lowered. Although this did not affect the watertight performance, it paved the way for the subsequent sinking of the Titanic after only 2 hours of water entry. In addition, due to the limitations of the craftsmanship at the time, the bow part could not use steel rivets, and could only be made with old-fashioned wrought iron nails. If there is no external impact, everything will be fine. However, once there is a strong external force, the iron nails are very easy to deform, resulting in gaps in the tightly spliced steel plates.
After talking about the boat itself, let's talk about what happened. According to the regulations of the British Trade Commission at the time, the 48 lifeboats originally planned to be carried by the Titanic were reduced to 16 and still in line with the regulations (the reduction to 16 is also the meaning of Ismay, and it is also for aesthetics). In this way, on April 12, 1912, the Titanic set off from Southampton, England with 2,224 crew members and passengers. On the North Atlantic route at this time, according to the usual year, icebergs are not common. That year, however, special ocean currents caused the icebergs to drift very south. If you want to avoid it, you can only rely on careful boating and the good eyesight of lookout posts. The strange thing is that since the sailing, the exclusive lookout telescope has disappeared. What's even more puzzling is that other officers on the bridge have binoculars, but no one handed it over to the lookout who needed it more. In addition, after entering the area where the iceberg is suspected, the Titanic is still moving at full speed along the established route...
In fact, since the Titanic entered the iceberg area, nearby ships have been reporting the iceberg situation to each other from time to time. However, on the night of April 14, the last iceberg message, which was not prefixed with an emergency notification, was ignored by the Titanic's telegraph operator and not immediately reported to the captain.
14 days and nights, the wind was calm, there was no moonlight, and there was no way to see the waves hitting the iceberg, and there was no reflection on the ice surface.
23:40 , the lookout spotted the iceberg, the helmsman immediately tried to avoid it, but it was too late. After 37 seconds, the starboard side of the Titanic brushed past the iceberg. Due to the deformation of the rivets, 5 compartments were opened in an instant...
If the Titanic can hit the iceberg with the bow straight, it will damage the ship at mostHead, into a compartment with water. Was it because Murdoch, who was on duty on the bridge at the time, was inexperienced? Or did he not understand the cornering performance of the Titanic? This is unknown.
The sinking of the ship is a foregone conclusion, and the captain orders the telegraph operator to send out a distress signal. However, the most recent USS California has been unable to receive news because the radio has been turned off at night. The second closest Carpathia, , had a speed of only 15 knots and did not arrive until dawn on the 15th. The arrangement of the lifeboat was also in chaos. Some crew members misinterpreted the captain's meaning of "let women and children get on first". On the port side of the ship, the lifeboats carried women and children. On the starboard side, men are allowed to board the boat after women are given priority to escape. So that a total of 1,178 lifeboats can be carried, and only 651 people went up in the end (some people were rescued on the lifeboats after jumping into the sea). According to statistics, on the Titanic, among the 325 people in first class, 202 people survived, with a survival rate of 62.2%; among 285 people in second class, 118 people survived, with a survival rate of 41.5%; 706 people in third class Among them, 178 survived, with a survival rate of 25.2%.
All of this is the result of natural disasters, man-made disasters, the construction level of the ship and even the original design. She has no reason not to sink. The only consolation is that disaster always brings progress, and then the British Trade Commission changed the old rule that lifeboats must be able to match the number of passengers. And the radio on the ship must also be online 24 hours a day...
finally said an episode. At that time, there were 9 Chinese people on board, of which 6 survived. However, their survival has always been distorted into ungentlemanly villainy behavior.
