The ten-year plan leads the relay towards Chinese-style modernization.
46 kilometers south of Beijing Tiananmen Square, Beijing Daxing International Airport is like a "golden phoenix", taking off gracefully;
Deep in the mountains of Guizhou, the world's largest single The aperture radio telescope " China Sky Eye ", silently watching the sky;
Lingding Ocean, known as one of the "Seven Wonders of the New World", the sea-crossing bridge Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, lying in the blue waves...
is in On the vast land of China, major projects have been successfully completed, grand blueprints have become reality, and magnificent paintings have been slowly unfolded. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has united and led the people of all ethnic groups in the country to work hard, pioneer and innovate, and historical changes have taken place in various undertakings of the Party and the country, and reform and opening up and Chinese-style modernization have achieved new history. It has made great achievements in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and historically solved the problem of absolute poverty. Behind the achievements of
is a great struggle for five years after another. From the first five-year plan to the fourteenth five-year plan, the consistent theme is to build our country into a modern socialist country. The formulation, implementation and completion of each five-year plan will continue to promote the steady and long-term development of Chinese-style modernization.
guides 's high-quality development 's high-quality planning
guides economic and social development with medium and long-term planning, which is an important way for our party to govern the country. The Five-Year Plan mainly clarifies the national strategic intention, defines the priorities of the government's work, and guides the behavior of market players. It is a grand blueprint for my country's economic and social development in the next five years and a common action plan for the people of all ethnic groups in the country.
was established in 2007, started construction in 2011, completed in 2016, officially opened through national acceptance in January 2020, and opened to the world at the end of March 2021. As of July 2022, the 500-meter-aperture spherical radio telescope , known as "China's Sky Eye", has discovered more than 660 new pulsars, entering the period of achievement explosion, which greatly expands the limit of human observation of the universe. Photo source: Xinhua News Agency
In more than 70 years of development practice, our party has led the people to form a set of effective ways to promote plans and plan implementation: through the Central Plenary Session to make suggestions and point out the direction, and then through the National Two Sessions, After formal deliberation and approval of the national plan, all departments and regions will come up with specific plans for implementation, and then implement them. The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first time after my country has built a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and achieved its first centenary goal. five years. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of my country made systematic plans and strategic arrangements for China's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, taking the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the long-term goals of 2035 into consideration. "Only by placing the five-year plan in the framework of the next 15 or 30 years can this goal be truly realistic and connected to the future," said Xin Ming, a professor at the Central Party School (National School of Administration). The medium and long-term planning of
is an important tool for to macro-control . Liu Xueyan, director of the Economic Situation Analysis and Prediction Office of the Economic Research Institute of the China Academy of Macroeconomics, said that for a long time, the government work report and the five-year plan for national economic and social development will carry out one-year and five-year plans for future economic work. Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has paid more attention to the long-term (the completion period of the first goal of the "two-step" strategy, that is, until 2035) and the ultra-long-term (the completion period of the second centenary goal, that is, until 2050). ) development plan, which will help to better guide public expectations, so as to give full play to the strategic guiding role of the medium and long-term development plan on the macro-economy. Since the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party, the Party and the country have gone through a very unusual journey. The menacing new crown pneumonia epidemic has accelerated the evolution of the international landscape. Facing the instability and uncertainty of the external environment, only by scientifically judging the "time" and "trend" and dialectically grasping the "danger" and "opportunity" can we win a thousand miles. outside. The outline of the "14th Five-Year Plan" highlights the theme of high-quality development, and the logic of the new development stage, the new development concept, and the new development pattern runs through the whole text. z3The development concept of z
is strategic, programmatic and leading, and it is the forerunner of development actions. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" outlines the new development concept throughout all fields and links of economic and social development. The new development concept provides scientific guidance for building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way as scheduled. The scientific and effective new development concept that has been proved by practice will continue to lead the development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and ensure that the new development stage will be steady, deep and solid.
Building a new development pattern is a strategic choice to keep pace with the times and improve my country's economic development level, as well as a strategic choice to shape my country's new advantages in international economic cooperation and competition. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party made comprehensive arrangements for building a new development pattern. The outline of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is elaborated in the special chapter "Forming a Strong Domestic Market and Building a New Development Pattern". The main indicators of the
five-year plan have always attracted much attention at home and abroad. In the outline of the "14th Five-Year Plan", the index of "economic development" that ranks first, does not set a 5-year average annual growth rate forecast index, but expresses it as "maintain within a reasonable range, and propose each year as appropriate. ". This shows that development is still the first priority, but not only GDP, but to achieve higher quality, more efficient, more equitable, more sustainable and more secure development.
"The current plan is both a development plan and a reform plan." Yang Weimin, former deputy director of the Office of the Central Finance and Economics Commission, said that starting from the "Seventh Five-Year Plan", a chapter on the goals and tasks of economic system reform has been set up. Until the "14th Five-Year Plan", the issue of economic system reform was specifically planned.
combines top-level design with people's thinking.
's five-year plan is related to the future and destiny of China's development, as well as the happy life of more than 1.4 billion people; it is both "state affairs" and "family affairs".
Among the 20 indicators set in the "14th Five-Year Plan" outline, 7 are people's livelihood and well-being, accounting for more than 1/3, which is the highest in the previous five-year plans. Continuously meeting the people's yearning and needs for a better life is the starting point and end point of our party's governance of the country. In the autumn of
, tower cranes in Xiong'an New Area are lined up with joints and grow, and the magnificent picture scroll of "City of the Future" is slowly unfolding. Photo source: During the drafting of the Xinhua News Agency
document, the new crown pneumonia epidemic was raging. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The response to the new crown pneumonia epidemic has exposed some shortcomings in my country's major epidemic prevention and control systems and mechanisms, public health systems, etc." On the basis of the frontier, facing the main economic battlefield, and facing the major needs of the country, the requirements of "facing the lives and health of the people" have been added.
In fact, in the process of compiling the "13th Five-Year Plan", there are also footnotes that "focus on outstanding problems and obvious shortcomings, conform to the will of the people, and meet the people's thoughts and expectations". After the "8·12 explosion accident in Tianjin Binhai New Area" in 2015, General Secretary Xi Jinping requested that the "13th Five-Year Plan" proposal draft be added to improve and implement the safety production responsibility and management system, and practical maintenance The content of the safety of people's life and property.
adheres to the combination of goal orientation and problem orientation, and unifies strengthening top-level design and insisting on asking and thinking about the people. "On the one hand, through the top-level design to be far-sighted, to ensure the political vision and professional level; on the other hand, to brainstorm ideas by asking the people, which is conducive to improving the scientific and democratic planning." Yan Yilong, deputy dean of Tsinghua University's Institute of National Conditions and associate professor at the School of Public Administration, said in the book How China Makes a Five-Year Plan. In the process of compiling the outline of the "13th Five-Year Plan", the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Development and Reform Commission carried out a two-month "asking for advice and suggestions" activity nationwide. Suggestions and suggestions, put forward nearly 30,000 opinions and suggestions. The “14th Five-Year Plan” was compiled for the first time to carry out an online opinion solicitation activity. In just two weeks, more than 1.018 million suggestions from netizens were received, which provided a useful reference for the drafting of the document.
is precisely under the personal planning and auspices of General Secretary Xi Jinping, to find the key to solving the problem through in-depth investigations and gathering people's wisdom, and to build a consensus of forging ahead in forums and exchanges, social expectations, people's wisdom, expert opinions, grassroots The experience is fully absorbed into the planning outline. one by oneIt is a powerful measure to improve people's livelihood one by one, focusing on solving the most direct and most realistic interests of the people, so that more people can share the fruits of development.
Play the leading role of major engineering projects
In every five-year plan and plan, the state must determine more than 100 major engineering projects, covering science and technology, industry, culture, infrastructure, society, people's livelihood and other fields. From the "1st Five-Year Plan" to the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", nearly 2,000 major engineering projects have strongly proved that the socialist system with Chinese characteristics can give full play to the superiority of concentrating efforts on major affairs.
Generally speaking, major engineering projects are closely linked with major national strategies, major plans, and major policies. The investment scale is large and the construction period is long, which plays an important role in adjusting the structure, stabilizing investment, and promoting growth. By doing well in the implementation of these major engineering projects, we will grasp the "bull nose" of the implementation of the outline, which will play a very important role in pulling and driving economic and social development.
Starting from the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", the planning text adopts the form of "text + column", and major projects are placed in the column, which can make the relevant content more prominent and clear at a glance. According to statistics, the 13th Five-Year Plan outlines 165 major projects in 23 columns, and the 14th Five-Year Plan outlines 102 major projects in 17 columns.
"Now, it has become a broad consensus to insist that 'the project follows the plan, and the elements follow the project'." The relevant person in charge of the Development Strategy and Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission said when summarizing the implementation mechanism of major projects in the "13th Five-Year Plan", After the tasks are divided and refined, a progress ledger is established, including 23 items such as annual goals, work progress, investment scale, and difficulties faced. Each leading unit conducts a comprehensive survey of the implementation progress every year, and produces a monitoring and analysis report every year, and then takes targeted measures.
According to the "13th Five-Year Plan" implementation summary evaluation report, the implementation of these 165 major engineering projects has achieved a series of major achievements: A batch of world-class landmark major projects have been completed and put into operation, a batch of forward-looking leading projects have been deployed and implemented, a batch of People's livelihood projects related to the vital interests of the masses have been steadily advanced.
The relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission once made a vivid analogy: The 102 major projects in the "14th Five-Year Plan" outline are "big dolls". At present, more than 2,600 projects have been decomposed and are being implemented in a stable and orderly manner. . It is necessary to pay close attention to the implementation of projects, start a batch of construction as soon as possible, and form a virtuous circle of planning a batch, a batch under construction, and a batch completed and put into production.
The first meeting of the inter-ministerial joint meeting on the implementation of 102 major projects in the "14th Five-Year Plan" held at the end of March this year required that all leading departments should effectively perform their responsibilities, classify and classify projects in an orderly manner, and accelerate the implementation of projects.
A major regional strategy activates a new space for development
The development plan is a temporal and spatial arrangement, which not only clarifies what to do during the planning period, but also clarifies the overall spatial arrangement of the strategic intent. my country has a vast territory and a large population, and coordinating regional development is the "bigger of the country". Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has personally planned, deployed and personally promoted the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, Major regional strategies such as ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, further improve the policy system that supports the development of the western region, the revitalization of the Northeast, the rise of the central region, and the development of the eastern region, and continuously promote the formation of a regional economic layout with complementary advantages and high-quality development .
Judging from the changes in the text of the five-year plan outline, compared with the "13th Five-Year Plan" outline, which has separate chapters and multiple sections for "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development" and "Yangtze River Economic Belt development", the "14th Five-Year Plan" outline The chapter "In-depth Implementation of Major Regional Strategies" covers five major sectors, corresponding to five major regional strategies.
The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is the first major regional strategy in the new era. In 2017, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council decided to set up the Xiongan New Area. As soon as the news came out, it was like a spring thunder on the ground. But in the more than two years since its establishment, the city of the future has barely moved a single brick. Xiong'an New District has been immersed in planning, insisting on planning first and then planning, "planning every inch of land clearly before starting construction". General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized the need to plan from a high starting point, build with high standards and high quality, and have multiple plans.Unity, a blueprint to the end.
Yangtze River Economic Belt , nine provinces and two cities along the river, the land area exceeds 20% of the country, the population size and economic aggregate occupy "half of the country", the ecological status is outstanding, and the development potential is huge. The integrated "leading head" of the Yangtze River Delta takes off, the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is supported by the "dragon body", and the "dragon tail" of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle dances.
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge spans the Lingdingyang waters of the Pearl River Estuary, with a total length of about 55 kilometers. It integrates a bridge, an island and a tunnel. It is the longest sea-crossing bridge in the world. Source: Xinhua News Agency
The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has created 12% of the country's total economic output with less than 1% of the land area, becoming one of the regions with the highest degree of openness and the strongest economic vitality in my country. Today, the hard and soft connectivity of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has been continuously strengthened, and the flow of innovation elements has become more convenient.
The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are all important engines for my country's development. The data shows that in 2021, the regional GDP of the nine cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will reach 9.6 trillion yuan, 27.6 trillion yuan, and 10.1 trillion yuan, respectively, and the total will exceed the national total. 40% of the total, playing an important role as a national economic ballast, a power source for high-quality development, and an experimental field for reform.
The Yellow River flows through 9 provinces and autonomous regions, and is an important "horizontal" in the "two horizontal and three vertical" urbanization strategic pattern. Among the 19 national-level urban agglomerations, the Yellow River Basin involves a number of urban agglomerations that need to be "developed and grown" and "nurtured and developed". By implementing the major regional strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, the quality of development can be systematically improved, which not only makes up for the weakest link in the regional pattern, but also is expected to narrow the gap between the north and the south.
Integrating planning system reform in development practice
China's five-year planning is a systematic work. At present, the content layout of "three-level" (national, provincial, municipal and county) and "four-level" (development planning, special planning, regional planning and spatial planning) has been formed.
In 2018, the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Unifying the Planning System to Better Play the Strategic Guiding Role of the National Development Planning" clearly stated that the establishment of a national development plan should be guided by the national development plan, based on spatial planning, and supported by special planning and regional planning. The national, provincial, municipal and county plans are jointly composed of a national planning system with accurate positioning, clear boundaries, complementary functions, and unified connection. The connection of
planning is the key to ensure the coordination and cooperation of various types of planning at all levels and form a joint force. There was a problem that the national five-year plan and the local five-year plan could not be fully connected, mainly due to the time difference between the national and provincial people's congresses, so that the provincial plan was passed before the national plan was passed. In the process of compiling the outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the National Development and Reform Commission mobilized the strength of the whole committee, organized special classes for work, and made solid planning connections on a province-by-province basis.
Innovation and promotion of the overall planning's management guidelines for special planning and regional planning is also the meaning of the reform of the planning system. After the promulgation and implementation of the "14th Five-Year Plan", relevant departments have formulated a number of national-level special plans in the fields of technological innovation, infrastructure, green transformation, and people's livelihood security, and formulated and promoted the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, The implementation plan of the "14th Five-Year Plan" for national major regional strategies such as the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. In general, for the first time, the preparation of the special plans for the "14th Five-Year Plan" has been deployed, researched, and prepared at the same time as the outline of the national development plan. Since July this year, the Development Strategy and Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission has held two special meetings in succession, proposing the establishment of a half-yearly national-level special planning dynamic monitoring working mechanism, and taking this as an opportunity to actively promote the construction of an institutionalized and standardized country. A monitoring and evaluation system and management mechanism for special planning at the level.
Perfect planning legislation is an important guarantee for the formulation and implementation of development plans. Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the pace of advancing the legislation of national development planning has been significantly accelerated. The “14th Five-Year Plan” outline, in the chapter of “Strengthening the Guarantee for the Implementation of the Plan”, clearly proposes to “accelerate the introduction of the development planning law and strengthen the legal guarantee for the formulation and implementation of the plan”. will be realThe results of practice can be raised to the legal level, and the leading role of planning can be better played.
Today's China is on a new journey to achieve the second centenary goal, marching on the space-time coordinates with five years as the time node, and the road to becoming a modern power is clearer and the pace is firmer. (Fu Chaohuan, reporter from China Development and Reform Newspaper)
