京劇分為生、旦、凈、丑、小生、文堂、武行七行，每一行當又分為很多細緻的行當。這些行當大都是以性別、年齡、性格、身份、職務、地位、道德情操、化妝特點、表演技藝的側重來劃分的。
peking opera is divided into seven roles: sheng (male), dan (female), jing (painted face), chou (clown), xiao sheng (young male), wen tang (scholarly roles), and wu hang (martial roles), with each role further subdivided into many detailed categories. these roles are mostly categorized based on gender, age, personality, status, position, morality, makeup characteristics, and performance skills.
文弱書生與豪爽鬥士，賈府的焦大與林黛玉，從心理到外形都有很大的差異，在舞台上就要有不同條件和類型的演員採用不同的表現方法，在戲曲中就要有不同的表演規範和程式。因此，在戲曲發展的過程中，區分人物類別的行當也就應運而生。
from weak scholars to bold warriors, from jia's housekeeper jiao da to lin daiyu, there are significant differences in both psychology and appearance. therefore, different actors with various conditions and types must adopt different performance methods on stage, and different performance standards and programs must be established in the opera. thus, with the development of opera, the distinction of character categories also emerged.
例如，生行是扮演男性角色的一種行當。老生，主要扮演中年以上性格正直剛毅的正面人物 ；小生，扮演青年男性；武生，主要扮演的是勇猛戰將。
花旦：從服裝上來說，花旦都是穿裙衣裳。即便是穿長衣裳也綉着色彩鮮艷的花樣。從年齡上看，都是扮演青年女性。
武旦：武旦是表演一些精通武藝的女性角色。
for example, the sheng role is a category of male characters. old sheng: primarily portraying upright and courageous middle-aged or older characters. xiao sheng: portraying young male characters. wu sheng: mainly portraying brave warriors. hua dan (female): from the perspective of costumes, hua dan characters always wear skirts, even if wearing long robes, they are adorned with colorful floral patterns. from an age perspective, they typically portray young female characters. wu dan: wu dan characters perform female roles proficient in martial arts.
責編：劉冰
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